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. 2018 Nov 8;25(2):235–247. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izy330

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© 2018 Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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FIGURE 1. — The nucleosome is the basic packaging unit of chromatin. The nucleosome is composed of an octamer of histone proteins, comprising a hetero-tetramer of histones H3 and H4, surrounded by 2 hetero-dimers of histones H2A and H2B. DNA is wrapped approximately 1.7 times around the histone core. Lysine (K) residues present on the N-terminal tails of histones undergo several post-translational modifications such as addition of acetyl (Ac) and methyl (Me) groups. These histone modifications contribute to the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription.