Fig. 2.

Cytotoxicity of eCS. Cytotoxicity induced by eCS (a) was determined by an MTT assay using RAW 264.7 cells. Data represent the mean ± SEM in triplicate. ***P was less than 0.0001, compared to the untreated control. b Intracellular ROS generated in RAW 264.7 cells after treated with eCS (100 μg/ml) for 16 h were measured by a flow cytometer. Treatment with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 16 h was included as a positive control for intracellular ROS. The percentiles of ROS-positive cells are shown in the right columns