CB17 SCID mice with unilateral striatal xenografts of human RFP-expressing rU118 glioma (n = 3) were treated with a single intracranial injection of VSVΔG-CHIKV 9 days after tumor placement. Mice were euthanized 4, 7 and 15 days later. A. Schematic illustration outlining the in vivo experimental procedure. The glioma rU118 expresses red fluorescent protein reporter. VSVΔG-CHIKV was detected by green immunofluorescent labeling. B.-F. Infection. Arrows (white) indicate infected cells. The virus selectively infected the red glioma cells at all stages from 4 to 15 dpi. Scale bar, (B) 1 mm, and (B merge,C,D,E,F) 0.1 mm.