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. 2019 Jan 10;14(1):e0210657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210657

Table 2. Individual and practice level characteristics associated uncontrolled hypertension adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, co-morbidity, obesity, hypertension prescription, practice size and practice location.

Odds Ratio 95% confidence interval P value
Age (years)        
18–35        
36–50 1.09 (0.99, 1.21) 0.08
51–65 0.98 (0.89, 1.08) 0.76
66–80 0.94 (0.85, 1.03) 0.21
>80 0.39 (0.36, 0.43) <0.001
Sex        
Male        
Female 0.95 (0.93, 0.97) <0.001
Ethnicity        
White ethnicity        
Asian ethnicity 0.86 (0.81, 0.91) <0.001
Black ethnicity 1.19 (1.12, 1.27) <0.001
Mixed ethnicity 1.12 (0.99, 1.28) 0.08
Other ethnicity 0.97 (0.83, 1.14) 0.72
Unknown ethnicity 1.13 (1.10, 1.16) <0.001
Index of multiple deprivation (IMD)        
IMD Quintile 1 (most deprived)        
IMD Quintile 2 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) 0.02
IMD Quintile 3 1.08 (1.04, 1.12) <0.001
IMD Quintile 4 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) 0.01
IMD Quintile 5 (least deprived) 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) 0.47
BMI Category (kg/m2)        
BMI Normal (18.5-<25.0)        
BMI Underweight (<18.5) 1.04 (0.93, 1.17) 0.50
BMI Overweight (25.1-<30.0) 1.09 (1.06, 1.13) <0.001
BMI Obese (30.1-<40.0) 1.21 (1.18, 1.25) <0.001
BMI Severely Obese (>40.0) 1.42 (1.35, 1.49) <0.001
Co-morbidities        
No physical co-morbidities        
One physical comorbidity 0.80 (0.77, 0.82) <0.001
Two or more physical co-morbidities 0.59 (0.58, 0.61) <0.001
No. prescribed anti-hypertensives        
None        
1–2 anti-hypertensives prescribed 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) 0.52
3+ anti-hypertensives prescribed 1.25 (1.20, 1.31) <0.001
NHS Region        
NHS London        
NHS North 1.13 (1.08, 1.17) <0.001
NHS Midlands and East 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) 0.17
NHS South 1.12 (1.08, 1.17) <0.001
Practice Size        
No. Registered patients (continuous) <1.00 (1.00, 1.00) <0.001