CTPA protocols with use of different kVp and pitch values. (A,B) When pitch was increased to 3.2, image noise was increased with 70 and 80 kVp protocols; (C,D) in contrast, no significant change of image quality was noted with 100 and 120 kVp protocols, regardless of pitch values. CTPA, computed tomography pulmonary angiography. Reprinted with permission from Aldosari et al. (48).