Table 1.
Microbial type | Key proteins | Involved mechanisms and phenotype | Functions of CHOP | Research models | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Porcine circovirus type 2 | CHOP, ATF4 Caspase 3, |
PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 -CHOP-BCL2 | Apoptosis and beneficial to PCV2 replication | PK-15 cells | (107, 108) |
Infectious bronchitis virus | CHOP, TRIB3, BCL2 | PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 PKR-eIF2α-ATF4 | Apoptosis and facilitates virus release | H1299 cells | (109, 110) |
Newcastle disease virus | CHOP, ATF4, cyclin D1 | PERK-ATF4-CHOP | Apoptosis and beneficial to NDV replication | Asynchronously growing cells | (111) |
West Nile virus | CHOP, PARP, Caspase 3, |
PERK-ATF4-CHOP | Apoptosis and limit WNV replication | Human neuroblastoma cells, | (112) |
Coxsackie virus B3 | CHOP, BAX, Caspase 3, |
CHOP-BAX- Caspase 3 |
Apoptosis and beneficial to CVB3 replication | Mice | (113) |
Japanese encephalitis virus | CHOP, p38, BCL2 | p38-CHOP-BCL2 | Apoptosis | BHK-21 cells | (114, 115) |
HIV | CHOP, BCL2, BAX | XBP-1-CHOP- Caspase 3/9 |
Apoptosis | Human brain endothelial cells | (116, 117) |
M. tuberculosis | CHOP, Caspase3/9 |
p-eIF2α-CHOP | limits M. tuberculosis replication | RAW 264.7 cells | (26, 118) |
Helicobacter pylori | CHOP, BIM, BAX, TRIB3 | PERK-CHOP PKR-eIF2α-ATF4 | Damage the cell and tissue (gastric injury) | AZ-521 cells | (119, 120) |
Escherichia coli | CHOP, DR5, TRAIL | CHOP-DR5- Caspase 3/8 |
Damage the cell and tissue (renal failure) | THP-1 cells | (121, 122) |
Shigella dysenteriae | CHOP, DR5 | p38-CHOP-DR5 | Damage the cell and tissue (neurological abnormalities) | RPE cells | (123) |