Table 2.
Meta-analyses.
| Lesouef et al. (68) | Bschor et al. (67) | Pierce et al. (69) | Rose and Jones (70) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RCTs | ||||
| Addolorato et al. (33) | X | X | X | X |
| Addolorato et al. (35) | X | X | X | X |
| Beraha et al. (43) | X | X | X | |
| Garbutt et al. (34) | X | X | X | X |
| Garbutt et al. (34) | X | X | ||
| Hauser et al. (36) | X | X | X | |
| Jaury (66) | X | X | ||
| Krupitsky et al. (71) | X | |||
| Krupitsky et al. (38) | X | X | X | |
| Leggio et al. (42) | X | X | X | |
| Mishra et al. (72) | X | |||
| Morley et al. (40) | X | X | X | |
| Morley et al. (41) | X | X | ||
| Müller et al. (45) | X | X | X | |
| Ponizovsky et al. (37) | X | X | X | |
| Reynaud et al. (44) | X | X | X | |
| Total number of studies | 5 | 14 | 13 | 12 |
| NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS | ||||
| Baclofen | 137 | 799 | 789 | 582 |
| Placebo | 135 | 723 | 713 | 543 |
| Total participants | 272 | 1,522 | 1502 | 1,125 |
| OUTCOMES EVALUATED | ||||
| Outcome selected by each study | - | X | - | - |
| SMD | - | 0.22 | - | - |
| 95% CI | - | −0.031–0.47 | - | - |
| P | - | 0.09 | - | - |
| Heterogeneity | - | I2 = 75.2% | - | - |
| % Abstinent participants | X* | - | X* | X* |
| OR | 2.79 | - | 1.93 | 2.67 |
| 95% CI | 1.79–4.34 | - | 1.17–3.17 | 1.03–6.93 |
| P | < 0.00001 | - | 0.01 | 0.04 |
| Heterogeneity | I2 = 0% | - | I2 = 65% | I2 = 76% |
| Abstinent days | X | X | X | X |
| SMD | 3.69 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.03 |
| 95% CI | −0.74–8.11 | −0.08–0.49 | −0.24–0.66 | −0.10–0.15 |
| P | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.67 |
| Heterogeneity | I2 = 99% | I2 = 74.3% | I2 = 83% | I2 = 23% |
| Drinking reduction | - | X | - | - |
| SMD | - | 0.28 | - | - |
| 95% CI | - | 0.00–0.56 | - | - |
| P | - | 0.05 | - | - |
| Heterogeneity | - | I2 = 71.9% | - | - |
| Craving | X | - | - | X |
| SMD | −1.6 | - | - | −0.13 |
| 95% CI | −3.59–0.39 | - | - | −0.36–0.09 |
| P | 0.12 | - | - | 0.24 |
| Heterogeneity | I2 = 96% | - | - | I2 = 87% |
| Time to lapse | - | - | X* | - |
| SMD | - | - | 0.42 | - |
| 95% CI | - | - | 0.19–0.64 | - |
| P | - | - | 0.04 | - |
| Heterogeneity | - | - | I2 = 60% | - |
| Heavy drinking days | - | - | - | X |
| SMD | - | - | - | −0.26 |
| 95% CI | - | - | - | −0.68–0.15 |
| P | - | - | - | 0.21 |
| Heterogeneity | - | - | - | I2 = 95% |
| Depression | - | - | - | X |
| SMD | - | - | - | 0.06 |
| 95% CI | - | - | - | −0.22–0.34 |
| P | - | - | - | 0.67 |
| Heterogeneity | - | - | - | I2 = 87% |
| Anxiety | - | - | - | X |
| SMD | - | - | - | −0.03 |
| 95% CI | - | - | - | −0.24–0.18 |
| P | - | - | - | 0.77 |
| Heterogeneity | - | - | - | I2 = 75% |
*
The meta-analysis found a significant difference between baclofen and placebo. Assessment of heterogeneity: I2 > 50% = substantial level of heterogeneity. BAC, Baclofen; CI, confidence interval; OR, odd ratio; PLA, placebo; RCTs, randomized controlled trials; SMD, standardized mean difference.