Table 1.
Basic clinical characteristics of subjects in this study
| Variable | Low Hp | Middle Hp | High Hp | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2DM (n = 120) | ||||
| Number | 39 | 40 | 41 | – |
| Age (years) | 56.85 ± 11.18 | 56.88 ± 12.16 | 58.25 ± 11.46 | 0.8245 |
| Male/female | 30/9 | 22/18 | 32/9 | 0.0410 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.69 ± 4.24 | 24.63 ± 3.25 | 24.62 ± 2.89 | 0.9959 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130 (120, 150) | 127 (110, 134) | 130 (120, 150) | 0.0852 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80 (74, 90) | 75 (70, 82) | 80 (72, 90) | 0.1756 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 10 (4, 15) | 10 (7, 10) | 10 (4, 15) | 0.8267 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.00 (7.20, 10.20) | 8.40 (7.20, 10.30) | 8.30 (7.20, 9.70) | 0.9903 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.64 (4.28, 5.59) | 4.61 (3.78, 5.37) | 4.40 (3.87, 4.87) | 0.3833 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.50 (1.20, 2.20) | 1.29 (0.79, 1.93) | 1.39 (1.03, 1.65) | 0.2756 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.09 (0.95, 1.20) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.24) | 1.00 (0.81, 1.10) | 0.2181 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.76 ± 0.85 | 2.74 ± 0.76 | 2.65 ± 0.84 | 0.7488 |
| Carotid IMT (mm) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.90) | 0.75 (0.65, 0.90) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.90) | 0.3466 |
| Carotid IAD (mm) | 6.17 ± 0.70 | 6.28 ± 0.78 | 6.65 ± 0.67 | 0.0088 |
| Serum Hp levels (mg/dL) | 54.82 (3.60, 71.58) | 103.20 (95.30, 107.27) | 151.64 (131.12, 175.55) | < 0.0001 |
| Non-DM (n = 120) | ||||
| Number | 39 | 40 | 41 | – |
| Age (years) | 64.06 ± 4.31 | 64.10 ± 4.27 | 64.58 ± 4.15 | 0.8720 |
| Male/female | 17/22 | 20/20 | 23/18 | 0.5378 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.11 ± 3.27 | 25.09 ± 3.18 | 25.64 ± 4.06 | 0.1522 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 125 (120, 139) | 129 (122, 138) | 129 (123, 138) | 0.5074 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 81 (78, 87) | 81 (78, 83) | 82 (80, 87) | 0.4709 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.64 ± 0.59 | 5.61 ± 0.65 | 5.82 ± 0.51 | 0.1398 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.36 (4.00, 4.89) | 4.49 (3.98, 4.97) | 4.40 (4.07, 4.79) | 0.8007 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.03 (0.80, 1.43) | 1.10 (0.89, 1.41) | 0.99 (0.80, 1.26) | 0.7676 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.31 (1.09, 1.58) | 1.29 (1.17, 1.52) | 1.22 (1.14, 1.41) | 0.6175 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.53 (2.25, 2.89) | 2.56 (2.15, 2.97) | 2.61 (2.28, 2.91) | 0.7962 |
| Carotid IMT (mm) | 0.64 ± 0.10 | 0.65 ± 0.09 | 0.66 ± 0.08 | 0.4667 |
| Serum Hp levels (mg/dL) | 39.48 (17.23, 51.45) | 99.41 (92.96, 113.38) | 167.67 (140.35, 209.73) | < 0.0001 |
Data are shown as n or the mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range)
T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, Non-DM non-diabetes mellitus, Hp haptoglobin, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, IMT intima-media thickness, IAD inter-adventitial diameter
P values < 0.05 are shown in italic