Table 2.
Hospitalized DS patients (n = 64): comparison between DS patients with or without recurrent infections
| Infectionsa (n = 31) |
No Infections (n = 33) |
OR /HR |
Univariate
p* |
Multivariate
p** |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51 (19–73) | 45 (18–65) | / | 0.01 | 0.12 |
| Sex ratio (F/M) | 0.35 (8/23) | 0.8 (15/18) | 0.41 (0.14–1.2) | 0.12 | 0.16 |
| Institutional living (n, %) | 21 (68) | 16 (48) | 2.2 (0.8–6.1) | 0.12 | 0.89 |
| Hypothyroidism (n, %) | 14 (45) | 13 (40) | 1.2 (0.46–3.4) | 0.8 | / |
| Cardiac congenital disease (n, %) | 5 (16) | 5 (15) | 1.1 (0.27–4.1) | 1 | 0.06 |
| Gastrointestinal malformation (n, %) | 2 (6.4) | 2 (6) | 1.1 (0.14–8.0) | 1 | / |
| Neurological diseaseb(n, %) | 22 (71) | 9 (27) | 6.5 (2.2–19) | 0.001 | 0.0006 |
| Epilepsy (n, %) | 16 (52) | 7 (21) | 3.9 (1.3–12) | 0.02 | / |
| Dementia (n, %) | 13 (42) | 3 (9) | 7.2 (1.8–29) | 0.003 | / |
| Hematological malignancy (n, %) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0.34 (0.1–9) | 1 | / |
| Lymphocytes rate (/μL) | 1340 (650–2580) | 1575 (558–3710) | / | 0.09 | 0.13 |
| Lymphocytes < 1000/mm3 (n, %) | 9 (29) | 5 (15) | 2.3 (0.67–7.8) | 0.23 | / |
| Immunoglobulin rate (g/L) | 12 (7–23) | 16 (9–18) | / | 0.22 | / |
| Mortality (n, %) | 10 (32) | 2 (6) | 7.4 (1.4–37) | 0.01 | / |
aTotal number of infectious events: 106 (/138 stays); intensive care unit admission 11/106; Need of pressor amines 7/106, Acute lung injury syndrome 3/18; Pneumonia 96/106 (91%). The other reasons were seizures (n = 8), heart failure (n = 5), occlusive syndrome (n = 5), arterial cardiovascular event (n = 5), syncope (n = 4), acute renal disease (n = 2), pancreatitis, venous thrombosis, deep weight loss (n = 1 each)
b Neurological disease was defined as epilepsy or dementia
*Difference between infections and no infections groups using Fischer’s test for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables
**Using multiple logistic regression. OR: Odd Ratio – HR: Hazard Ratio
Statistically significant results are marked in boldface