Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Total, n = 103 | Responders, n = 58 | Non-responders, n = 45 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 44.9 ± 13.1 | 43.4 ± 11.2 | 46.8 ± 15.2 | 0.204 |
| 20–29, n (%) | 16(15.5%) | 8(13.8%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.596 |
| 30–39, n (%) | 18 (17.5%) | 13 (22.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.191 |
| 40–49, n (%) | 33 (32.0%) | 24 (41.4%) | 9 (20.0%) | 0.033 |
| 50–59, n (%) | 25 (24.3%) | 10 (17.2%) | 15 (33.3%) | 0.068 |
| 60–69, n (%) | 4 (3.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (8.9%) | 0.034 |
| 70–79, n (%) | 7 (6.8%) | 3 (5.2%) | 4 (8.9%) | 0.696 |
| < 50, n (%) | 67 (65.0%) | 45 (77.6%) | 22 (48.9%) | 0.002 |
| ≥ 50, n (%) | 36 (35.0%) | 13 (22.4%) | 23 (51.1%) | 0.002 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 101 (98.1%) | 56 (96.6%) | 45 (100.0%) | 0.208 |
| Female, n (%) | 2 (1.9%) | 2 (3.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.208 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 23.3 ± 3.1 | 23.4 ± 3.0 | 23.1 ± 3.3 | 0.630 |
| Etiology of limb ischemia | ||||
| TAO, n (%) | 86 (83.5%) | 52 (89.7%) | 34 (75.6%) | 0.056 |
| ASO, n (%) | 10 (9.7%) | 3 (5.2%) | 7 (12.1%) | 0.078 |
| Collagen disease, n (%) | 4 (3.9%) | 2 (3.4%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.795 |
| Crohn’s disease, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.856 |
| Eosinophilia, n (%) | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.105 |
| Risk factors of cardiovascular disease | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 7 (6.8%) | 2 (3.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.125 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 7 (6.8%) | 2 (3.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.125 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 5 (4.9%) | 4 (6.9%) | 1 (2.2%) | 0.274 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 85 (82.5%) | 51 (87.8%) | 34 (75.6%) | 0.101 |
| Blood examination | ||||
| Fibrinogen, (mg/dL) (median [IQR]) | 316.0 (255.0–408.0) | 304.5 (238.0–351.0) | 336.0 (278.0–467.0) | 0.012 |
| CRP, (mg/L) (median [IQR]) | 5.40 (1.90–23.00) | 3.75 (1.60–8.50) | 9.50 (4.00–40.80) | 0.001 |
| Glucose, (mmol/L) (median [IQR]) | 4.70 (4.40–5.00) | 4.70 (4.50–5.00) | 4.70 (4.40–5.00) | 0.762 |
| Creatinine, (μmol/L) (median [IQR]) | 72.0 (64.0–83.0) | 73.0 (67.0–83.0) | 70.0 (63.0–76.0) | 0.102 |
| Treatment history | ||||
| Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | 58 (56.3%) | 34 (58.6%) | 24 (53.3%) | 0.592 |
| Vasodilator, n (%) | 55 (53.4%) | 33 (56.9%) | 22 (48.9%) | 0.419 |
| Statins, n (%) | 4 (3.9%) | 2 (3.4%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.795 |
| Stenting, n (%) | 10 (9.7%) | 5 (8.6%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.672 |
| Balloon dilation, n (%) | 7 (6.8%) | 4 (6.9%) | 3 (6.7%) | 0.963 |
| Thrombolysis, n (%) | 16(15.5%) | 8(13.8%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.580 |
| Thrombectomy, n (%) | 8 (7.8%) | 3 (5.2%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.264 |
| Bypass surgery, n (%) | 5 (4.9%) | 2 (3.4%) | 3 (6.7%) | 0.451 |
| Endarterectomy, n (%) | 1 (1.0%) | 1 (1.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.376 |
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; TAO, thromboangiitis obliterans; ASO, atherosclerosis obliterans; CRP, C-reaction protein