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. 2019 Jan 11;10:12. doi: 10.1186/s13287-018-1115-7

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — EPC-Exos accelerated bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis in rats. a Representative 3D micro-CT images of the tibial distraction zone after consolidation for 2 and 4 weeks indicated more continuous callus in the Exo-2 and EPCs group. b, c Quantitative analysis of micro-CT data showed higher values of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume/total tissue volume (BV/TV) in the Exo-2 and EPCs group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ^#P < 0.001 vs PBS group. EPCs endothelial progenitor cells, Exo exosomes secreted by EPCs, PBS phosphate-buffered saline