Table 6.
Challenge | Solution | |
---|---|---|
Body movements | Motion artifacts | Correct through: - Wavelet-based filtering - tPCA |
Optical decoupling | - Properly secure the fNIRS probes to the head | |
Sunlight/Detector saturation | - Protecting caps - Device with ambient light detector |
|
Signals’ quality deterioration/Channels inclusion criteria | - Visual inspection of signals - Exclude channels without heart rate oscillations - Exclude channels with CV>15% - Exclude non-measuring channels (e.g. flat lines) |
|
Systemic changes | - Include longer rest periods (e.g., 2 min) - Band-pass filtering (NOTE: this removes some of the physiological noises, e.g. heart rate and respiration, but it is not effective in removing task-evoked systemic changes) - Measure additional physiological signals - Monitor participants’ movements (accelerometer or GPS) - Report results of ΔHbO2 and ΔHbR |
|
Statistical inference/Unstructured protocols | - Apply AIDE |
Note. Abbreviations: tPCA = targeted principal component analysis; SNR = Signal-to-noise ration; CV = coefficient of variation.