Table 2.
Post-treatment outcome scores by treatment type
| US patients | EU5 patients | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Advanced therapies N = 225 |
Other therapies N = 172 |
No treatment N = 640 |
Advanced therapies N = 69 |
Other therapies N = 270 |
No treatment N = 608 |
|
| SF-36 PCS score, mean (SD) | 39.9 (9.3)†† | 38.3 (10.9)††† | 42.2 (9.8) | 35.8 (9.7)§§§ | 37.7 (9.7)§§§ | 43.9 (8.4) |
| SF-36 MCS score, mean (SD) | 41.5 (11.7) | 42.1 (11.0) | 40.7 (11.0) | 37.8 (10.7) | 40.2 (11.7) | 39.8 (10.5) |
| WPAI domain scores, mean (SD)a | ||||||
| Absenteeism (work time missed), % |
N = 150 20.8 (22.7) |
N = 79 19.3 (26.8) |
N = 339 22.4 (26.8) |
N = 36 25.9 (28.9) |
N = 110 28.1 (35.8) |
N = 338 20.8 (27.8) |
| Presenteeism (impairment at work), % |
N = 153 53.5 (30.1)* |
N = 76 45.1 (29.8) |
N = 339 48.8 (31.4) |
N = 36 57.2 (30.2)‡‡§ |
N = 96 41.9 (29.6) |
N = 328 44.5 (29.3) |
| Overall work impairment, % |
N = 149 57.9 (32.4) |
N = 76 49.9 (33.1) |
N = 333 55.0 (33.5) |
N = 36 62.6 (33.0)ठ|
N = 96 48.1 (33.3) |
N = 328 51.1 (32.6) |
| Activity impairment, % |
N = 225 56.4 (28.2)† |
N = 172 55.3 (27.7) |
N = 640 51.0 (28.9) |
N = 69 62.6 (25.5)§§§ |
N = 270 57.6 (26.6)§§§ |
N = 608 48.3 (28.9) |
| Healthcare resource use in past 6 months, mean number (SD) | ||||||
| Visits to ER | 1.1 (2.5)* | 0.7 (1.5) | 0.9 (2.5) | 1.0 (1.8)‡‡ | 0.5 (1.6) | 0.6 (2.3) |
| Hospitalizations | 1.1 (3.5)†† | 0.4 (1.1) | 0.7 (2.8) | 0.9 (1.6)§§ | 0.5 (2.4) | 0.4 (1.1) |
| HCP visits | 7.5 (8.6)† | 8.1 (10.7)† | 5.9 (10.4) | 16.0 (20.8)‡§§§ | 10.7 (12.8)§§§ | 6.7 (7.8) |
| Visits to rheumatologist | 0.5 (0.5)***††† | 0.3 (0.4)††† | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.5)‡‡§§§ | 0.4 (0.5)§§§ | 0.1 (0.3) |
| Visits to dermatologist | 0.3 (0.5)*††† | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.4 (0.5)‡§§ | 0.3 (0.5)§ | 0.2 (0.4) |
| PHQ-9 total score, mean (SD) |
N = 35 8.9 (7.8) |
N = 45 7.0 (6.7) |
N = 138 9.6 (8.0) |
N = 22 7.7 (7.0) |
N = 45 9.1 (6.8) |
N = 137 7.8 (7.1) |
| MMAS-8, n (%) | ||||||
| Low (< 6) | 105 (46.7) | 69 (40.1) | NA | 20 (29.0) | 95 (35.2) | NA |
| Medium (6–< 8) | 66 (29.3) | 62 (36.1) | NA | 34 (49.3) | 102 (37.8) | NA |
| High (8) | 54 (24.0) | 41 (23.8) | NA | 15 (21.7) | 73 (27.0) | NA |
ER emergency room; EU5 France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK; HCP healthcare professional; MCS Mental Component Summary; MMAS Morisky Medication Adherence Scale; NA not applicable; PCS Physical Component Summary; PHQ Patient Health Questionnaire; SD standard deviation; SF-36 Short Form-36 health survey; WPAI Work Productivity and Activity Index
*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. other therapies within the US; ††p < 0.01, †††p < 0.001 vs. no treatment within the US; ‡‡p < 0.01, ‡‡‡p < 0.001 vs. other therapies within the EU5; §p ≤ 0.05, §§p < 0.01, §§§P < 0.001 vs. no treatment within the EU5
aThe WPAI yields four types of scores: (1) Absenteeism (work time missed); (2) Presenteeism (impairment at work/reduced on-the-job effectiveness); (3) Work productivity loss (overall work impairment/absenteeism plus presenteeism); (4) Activity impairment [39]