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. 2019 Jan 11;9:69. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36266-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Alpha diversity, beta diversity and microbiome composition of the bacterial communities. (a) The Chao 1, OTUs, and Shannon and Simpson indexes were used to estimate the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota. (b) Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) tree based on unweighted Unifrac distance matrix. (c) PCoA, based on unweighted Unifrac distance, was used to reveal the structural segregation of bacterial communities among the four groups. (d) Abundance of Actinobacteria and proportions (genus level) of Allobaculum, Barnesiella and Clostridium XI among the four groups. *p < 0.05, ^#p < 0.01. n = 8 in each group and duplicate measurements were made.