Fig. 3.

MPTP or MPP⁺ treatment promotes the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. a Immunoblots from mouse mixed glial cell cultures untreated (Unt) or primed with LPS (0.25 μg ml⁻¹, 3 h), followed by ATP (2.5 mM, 40 min), or treated with MPTP (40 μM) for 6, 12 or 18 h in the presence of LPS (final 3 h) or ATP (final 40 min). b Cellular levels of IL-1β mRNA in mouse mixed glial cells untreated or treated with MPTP (40 μM) for 6 or 18 h (n = 4). c Immunoblots from Nlrp3^+/+ or Nlrp3^−/− mouse microglia treated with MPTP (40 μM, 16 h), followed by ATP treatment (2.5 mM, 30 min), or primed with LPS (0.25 μg ml⁻¹, 3 h), followed by ATP (2.5 mM, 30 min). d Quantification of IL-1β in the culture supernatants of Nlrp3^+/+ or Nlrp3^−/− mice microglia treated with MPTP (40 μM, 16 h), followed by ATP treatment (2.5 mM, 30 min) (n = 3). e Immunoblots from mouse BMDMs treated with MPP⁺ (40 μM, 16 h), followed by ATP (2.5 mM, 30 min) or LPS treatment (0.25 μg ml⁻¹, 3 h), or primed with LPS (0.25 μg ml⁻¹, 3 h), followed by ATP (2.5 mM, 30 min). f Immunoblots from Nlrp3^+/+ or Nlrp3^−/− mice BMDMs treated with MPTP or MPP⁺ (100 μM,6 h), followed by ATP (2 mM, 45 min), or primed with LPS (0.25 μg ml⁻¹, 3 h), followed by ATP (2 mM, 45 min). a, c, e–f Culture supernatants (Sup) or cellular lysates (Lys) were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. Data were expressed as the mean ± SEM. Asterisks indicate significant differences (***P < 0.001, n.s. not significant)