Table 1.

Summary of readers’ scores for each reconstruction/acquisition scheme. Both XD-UTE-NB-8min and XD-UTE-NB-5min were significantly better than AVE-UTE in all assessment categories. XD-UTE-NB-8min was significantly better than BH-VIBE in all assessment categories; and XD-UTE-NB-5min was significantly better than BH-VIBE except for the visualization of the great vessels and the artifact level. However, XD-UTE-NB-5min was significantly worse than XD-UTE-NB-8min in all assessment categories. The scores of both XD-UTE-3min and XD-UTE-NB-1min were significantly lower compared to XD-UTE-NB-8min.

	Large Arteries	Large Airways	Segmental Arteries	Segmental Bronchovascular Structures	Subsegmnetal Vessels	Pleura Region	Artifact Level
BH-VIBE (n=12)	2.73±0.66	2.28±0.61	2.21±0.53	1.19±0.53	1.22±0.52	2.11±0.69	2.64±0.70
AVE-UTE (n=23)	2.40±0.65	2.60±0.69	2.19±0.63	1.41±0.70	1.30±0.61	2.04±0.57	2.07±0.54
XD-UTE-NB-8min (n=23)	3.28±0.79 ab	3.60±0.75 ab	3.40±0.82 ab	2.83±1.13 ab	2.33±0.85 ab	3.03±0.65 ab	3.26±0.60 ab
XD-UTE-NB-5min (n=23)	2.82±0.70 bc	3.32±0.88 abc	3.01±0.84 abc	2.32±1.03 abc	1.86±0.78 abc	2.70±0.74 abc	2.51±0.62 bc
XD-UTE-NB-3min (n=23)	2.35±0.63 c	2.66±0.75 c	2.24±0.75 bc	1.56±0.75 c	1.26±0.61 c	1.96±0.75 c	1.78±0.40 c
XD-UTE-NB-1min (n=23)	1.72±0.58 c	2.06±0.77 c	1.65±0.63 c	0.98±0.52 c	0.83±0.48 c	1.67±0.57 c	1.46±0.49 c

Scoring criterial:

For arteries, airways, and pleura:

5 = Excellent visualization;

4 = Good visualization;

3 = Acceptable visualization;

2 = Slightly limited to acceptable;

1 = Poor visualization;

0 = Structure not visible.

For overall artifact level:

4 = No artifact;

3 = Minor artifact not restricting image assessment;

2 = Moderate artifact degrading visualization of structures, but still diagnostic;

1 = Severe artifact leading to non-diagnostic images.

^aXD-UTE-NB is significantly better than the BH-VIBE;

^bXD-UTE-NB is significantly better than the UTE-AVE;

^cThe scores of XD-UTE-NB-5min, XD-UTE-NB-3min or XD-UTE-NB-1min were significantly lower than XD-UTE-NB-8min.