Table 2.
Conscientiousness as a moderator of neuroticism and childhood neuroticism
| Outcome | Adulthood predictors | Childhood predictors | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neur | Con | Neur x Con | Neur | Con | Neur x Con | |||
| Est [95% CI] | Est [95% CI] | Est [95% CI] | p | Est [95% CI] | Est [95% CI] | Est [95% CI] | p | |
| Self-rated health | −0.54 [−0.70, −0.38] |
0.13 [−0.06, 0.32] |
0.11 [−0.17, 0.38] |
.451 | −0.08 [−0.16, −0.01] |
0.03 [−0.04, 0.11] |
−0.01 [−0.08, 0.06] |
.865 |
| Heart condition | 0.23 [−0.31, 0.75] |
0.08 [−0.55, 0.72] |
0.80 [−0.22, 1.95] |
.149 | −0.01 [−0.24, 0.22] |
0.05 [−0.19, 0.30] |
0.10 [−0.12, 0.31] |
.353 |
| Number chronic illnesses | 0.23 [0.02, 0.43] |
−0.05 [−0.29, 0.20] |
−0.02 [−0.37, 0.35] |
.927 | 0.07 [−0.02, 0.16] |
−0.07 [−0.16, 0.03] |
0.02 [−0.06, 0.11] |
.619 |
| Ever smoked | 0.17 [−0.17, 0.52] |
−0.18 [−0.60, 0.23] |
0.04 [−0.57, 0.65] |
.899 | 0.08 [−0.07, 0.23] |
−0.32 [−0.49, −0.16] |
−0.02 [−0.17, 0.12] |
.751 |
| Number cigarettes (count model) | 0.05 [−0.35, 0.46] |
−0.05 [−0.56, 0.45] |
0.57 [−0.31, 1.44] |
.203 | −0.10 [−0.27, 0.07] |
−0.02 [−0.17, 0.14] |
−0.08 [−0.23, 0.08] |
.323 |
| Number cigarettes (zero model) |
−0.61 [−1.16, −0.05] |
0.06 [−0.62, 0.75] |
0.22 [−0.90, 1.34] |
.695 | −0.13 [−0.37, 0.11] |
0.23 [−0.01, 0.47] |
0.01 [−0.22, 0.24] |
.916 |
| Ever drank | 0.43 [−0.07, 0.96] |
0.05 [−0.56, 0.66] |
0.42 [−0.45, 1.22] |
.328 | −0.09 [−0.30, 0.12] |
0.06 [−0.18, 0.28] |
−0.14 [−0.33, 0.05] |
.143 |
| Alcohol (days per week) (count model) | −0.04 [−0.18, 010] |
−0.17 [−0.35, 0.01] |
0.20 [−0.07, 0.46] |
.147 | −0.01 [−0.05, 0.07] |
−0.03 [−0.09, 0.04] |
−0.04 [−0.10, 0.02] |
.212 |
| Alcohol (days per week) (zero model) |
0.04 [−0.34, 0.43] |
−0.24 [−0.72, 0.23] |
0.38 [−0.36, 1.11] |
.315 | 0.04 [−0.13, 0.20] |
−0.01 [−0.19, 0.17] |
0.06 [−0.10, 0.22] |
.452 |
| Alcohol (drinks per sitting) (count model) |
0.12 [−0.06, 0.30] |
−0.17 [−0.40, 0.06] |
0.26 [−0.09, 0.61] |
.141 | 0.03 [−0.05, 0.10] |
−0.07 [−0.16, 0.01] |
−0.06 [−0.14, 0.02] |
.115 |
| Alcohol (drinks per sitting) (zero model) | −0.04 [−0.18, 0.10] |
−0.17 [−0.35, 0.01] |
0.20 [−0.07, 0.46] |
.119 | 0.01 [−0.05, 0.07] |
−0.03 [−0.09, 0.04] |
−0.04 [−0.10, 0.02] |
.815 |
| Alcohol (binge per week) (count model) |
0.26 [0.02, 0.50] |
−0.28 [−0.61, 0.05] |
1.51*
[0.73, 2.29] |
< .001 | −0.09 [−0.20, 0.03] |
−0.11 [−0.22, 0.01] |
−0.11 [−0.22, 0.01] |
.072 |
| Alcohol (binge per week) (zero model) |
−0.09 [−0.60, 0.42] |
0.15 [−0.45, 0.75] |
0.27 [−0.87, 1.41] |
.643 | −0.12 [−0.33, 0.09] |
0.12 [−0.10, 0.34] |
0.01 [−0.11, 0.31] |
.358 |
| Exercise (strenuous) | −0.05 [−0.18, 0.07] |
0.11 [−0.04, 0.27] |
−0.04 [−0.23, 0.17] |
.700 | −0.01 [−0.06, 0.04] |
−0.02 [−0.07, 0.04] |
0.02 [−0.03, 0.07] |
.403 |
| Exercise (moderate) | −0.09 [−0.27, 0.08] |
0.00 [−0.20, 0.21] |
0.12 [−0.15, 0.39] |
.389 | −0.03 [−0.10, 0.05] |
−0.05 [−0.13, 0.02] |
0.01 [−0.06, 0.07] |
.856 |
| Exercise (mild) | −0.01 [−0.19, 0.16] |
0.19 [−0.02, 0.39] |
0.08 [−0.20, 0.35] |
.584 | 0.00 [−0.07, 0.07] |
−0.06 [−0.13, 0.02] |
−0.01 [−0.07, 0.06] |
.859 |
| Flossing | 0.05 [−0.12, 0.22] |
−0.11 [−0.31, 0.09] |
−0.16 [−0.42, 0.11] |
.254 | −0.02 [−0.10, 0.05] |
−0.05 [−0.12, 0.03] |
−0.02 [−0.09, 0.04] |
.527 |
| Blood glucose levels | 0.08 [−0.08, 0.24] |
−0.12 [−0.32, 0.07] |
−0.04 [−0.32, 0.24] |
.785 | −0.02 [−0.10, 0.05] |
−0.08 [−0.16, −0.01] |
0.00 [−0.07, 0.07] |
.919 |
| Cholesterol/HDL ratio | 0.00 [−0.18, 0.17] |
−0.06 [−0.28, 0.15] |
0.09 [−0.23, 0.40] |
.587 | −0.02 [-0.09, 0.05] |
−0.11 [−0.18, −0.04] |
0.02 [−0.04, 0.09] |
.521 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 0.10 [−0.06, 0.26] |
0.16 [−0.03, 0.36] |
0.24 [−0.04, 0.52] |
.087 | 0.05 [−0.02, 0.12] |
−0.03 [−0.10, 0.04] |
−0.01 [−0.07, 0.06] |
.778 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.15 [0.01, 0.28] |
−0.05 [−0.21, 0.11] |
0.01 [−0.21, 0.24] |
.901 | 0.01 [−0.05, 0.06] |
−0.10 [−0.15, −0.04] |
0.06*
[0.01, 0.10] |
.025 |
Neuroticism, childhood neuroticism, and moderators are all standardized, allowing for easier interpretation of the simple slopes. Regression coefficients (standardized when the outcome is continuous and the model is estimated using ordinary least squares) and 95% confidence intervals are presented. All models control for gender and age at outcome measurement.
*Indicates p < .05. Stars are only used indicate significant interaction terms; we do not interpret significance of the simple slopes (e.g., the coefficients for neuroticism and conscientiousness) because they are dependent upon the level of the other predictor and only included to allow for better interpretation of the interaction. Exact p-values for the interaction terms are presented to allow for estimation of the evidentiary value of these findings.