Table 6. Socio-demographic and behavioral and attitudinal subgroups and their association with change in drinking status from BL to EL among the longitudinal panel sample (n = 403).

Characteristics	Drinkers at both BL and EL	Non-drinkers in BL but drinkers in EL	Drinkers at the BL but non-drinkers in EL	Non-drinkers at BL and EL	p value*	p value**
Total	96	39	53	215	0.18
Men's age (years)						0.093
Younger (n = 207)	55	24	24	104	1.00
Older (n = 196)	41	15	29	111	0.049
Education						0.081
Less than 7 years (n = 176)	41	15	28	92	0.066
More than 7 years (n = 227)	55	24	25	123	1.00
Wife residence						0.048
Yes (n = 360)	90	29	48	193	0.040
No (n = 43)	6	10	5	22	0.30
Self assessment as a sex partner						0.099
More positive (n = 231)	53	26	25	127	1.00
Less positive (n = 170)	42	13	28	87	0.028
Masculinity scale						0.014
Less gender equitable (n = 194)	55	15	35	89	0.007
More gender equitable (n = 208)	41	24	18	125	0.44
Spousal violence						0.017
Yes (n = 121)	43	7	22	49	0.008
No (n = 281)	53	32	31	165	1.00
Risky behavior with friends						<0.001
High (n = 124)	62	3	38	21	<0.001
Low (n = 256)	32	34	15	175	0.009
Extramarital sex						0.001
Yes (n = 100)	26	6	24	44	0.001
No (n = 301)	69	33	29	170	0.70

^*Comparison between those men who changed positively versus those negatively according to their socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics: using McNemar Test

^**Comparison between the categories of independent variables on change in alcohol use: using general linear modeling (GLM) analyses; controlled for the remaining variables in the table