Table 1.

Summary of roles of SIRT4 in celluar metabolism.

Genotype	Phenotype	Process	Activities	References
SIRT4 OE cells	Inhibition of insulin secretion in pancreas β cells	ADP-ribosylation and inhibition of GDH	ADP-ribosylation	(6–8)
SIRT4 KO cells	Activation of GDH and stimulation of insulin secretion in insulinoma cells	Activation of GDH	ADP-ribosylation
SIRT4 KO mice	Increased insulin secretion,	Activation of GDH	ADP-ribosylation
SIRT4 KO mice	Deregulated lecuine metabolism and aging induced IR	Dysregulated leucine oxidation	deacylation	(9–11)
SIRT4 OE cells	Increased lipogenesis and decreased FAO in adipocyte and myocyte cell	Deacetylation of MCD	deacetylation	(12–15)
SIRT4 KO cells	Increased FAO in muscle and WAT cells	Activation of MCD and decreased malony-CoA	Deacetylation
SIRT4 KO mice	Elevated FAO and resistance to obesity and exercise	Activation of GDH	Deacetylation
SIRT4 OE cells	Depressed FAO in liver cells	Repression of PPARα transcriptional activation by SIRT1	–	(12, 16–18)
SIRT4 KO cells	Increased FAO rate	Activation of PPARα	–
SIRT4 KO mice	Increased FAO rate and PPARα pathway	Activation of FAO by PPARα and SIRT1	–

OE, over expression; KO, knock out.