Table 1. Operative and non-operative cohort descriptions.
| Variables | Operative (OP) | Non-operative (NOP) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Happy | Control | P value | Happy | Control | P value | ||
| Sample size (n) | 47 | 47 | 46 | 46 | |||
| Age (year) | 58.46 | 54.04 | 0.146 | 47.84 | 53.66 | 0.085 | |
| Gender (female) | 85% | 85% | 1.0 | 78% | 83% | 0.604 | |
| Hx depression (%) | 14.9% | 25.5% | 0.152 | 6.5% | 15.2% | 0.180 | |
| Hx psych (%) | 2.1% | 8.5% | 0.181 | 0% | 0% | 1.0 | |
| Frailty score | 2.90 | 3.04 | 0.623 | 1.24 | 1.40 | 0.484 | |
| CCI | 1.43 | 1.55 | 0.651 | 0.78 | 0.91 | 0.598 | |
| BL | |||||||
| SVA (mm) | 41.79 | 42.87 | 0.943 | 12.54 | 8.28 | 0.679 | |
| PI-LL (°) | 9.83 | 10.17 | 0.929 | 4.46 | 4.80 | 0.919 | |
| Pelvic tilt (°) | 19.74 | 19.81 | 0.976 | 19.74 | 20.30 | 0.792 | |
| 2Y | |||||||
| SVA (mm) | 17.89 | 20.85 | 0.780 | 21.19 | 16.61 | 0.672 | |
| PI-LL (°) | 1.49 | 4.02 | 0.407 | 4.90 | 5.86 | 0.798 | |
| Pelvic tilt (°) | 19.00 | 19.55 | 0.815 | 20.07 | 20.07 | 0.999 | |
| Change in PT over 2 yrs (°) | 0.36 | 1.3 | 0.561 | 0.43 | 0.20 | 0.793 | |
| Change in PI-LL over 2 yrs (°) | −8.23 | −6.15 | 0.559 | 0.31 | 1.59 | 0.409 | |
| Change in SVA over 2 yrs (mm) | −23.94 | −22.13 | 0.892 | 5.52 | 10.70 | 0.500 | |
BL, baseline; 2Y, 2-year follow-up; Hx, history; SVA, sagittal vertical axis; PI-LL, pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index.