Table 2.

Circadian rhythm parameters (mean ± s.e.m.) of all clock genes, AANAT and melatonin in interference treatments, as determined by cosinor analyses.

	Group	BMAL1	BMAL2	CLOCK	BMAL1	CLOCK	CRY1	CRY2	PER2	PER3	AANAT	Melatonin
Mesor (×10−3) (for gene)	si-BMAL1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	22.10 ± 1.24	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	si-CLOCK	4.06 ± 0.21	ND	ND	0.42 ± 0.09	ND	35.93 ± 0.86	ND	3.86 ± 0.01	ND	7.81 ± 0.34	106.41 ± 11.48*
	si-NC	3.70 ± 0.53	4.40 ± 0.90	4.65 ± 0.09	0.43 ± 0.14	0.31 ± 0.06	32.06 ± 8.90	3.49 ± 0.72	2.93 ± 0.52	2.09+0.48	8.47 ± 0.38	153.33 ± 12.53
Amplitude (×10−3) (for gene)	si-BMAL1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	8.38 ± 0.33	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	si-CLOCK	1.38 ± 0.12	ND	ND	0.10 ± 0.06	ND	13.94 ± 0.11	ND	1.13 ± 0.04*	ND	4.40 ± 0.12*	38.65 ± 10.69
	si-NC	1.66 ± 0.04	2.22 ± 0.07	3.84 ± 0.18	0.13 ± 0.03	0.22 ± 0.01	12.96 ± 3.90	2.09 ± 0.47	0.96 ± 0.04	1.26+0.46	6.47 ± 3.83	57.12 ± 3.93
Acrophase (h)	si-BMAL1	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	9.39 ± 0.13*	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
	si-CLOCK	12.00 ± 0.76	ND	ND	14.12 ± 1.73	ND	10.77 ± 0.03*	ND	23.64 ± 0.23	ND	20.86 ± 0.02*	21.12 ± 0.38*
	si-NC	12.77 ± 0.34	15.88 ± 0.10	15.07 ± 0.03	14.30 ± 0.39	15.29 ± 0.18	21.77 ± 0.73	16.48 ± 0.25	0.22 ± 0.00	23.64 ± 0.53	18.18 ± 0.06	19.47 ± 0.05
R2	si-BMAL1	0.26	0.34	0.35	0.22	0.25	0.59	0.28	0.00	0.26	0.05	0.22
	si-CLOCK	0.52	0.21	0.03	0.80	0.04	0.88	0.21	0.90	0.21	0.93	0.80
	si-NC	0.82	0.93	0.84	0.90	0.87	0.96	0.96	0.76	0.89	0.96	0.91
P	si-BMAL1	0.22	0.19	0.10	0.34	0.54	0.02	0.20	–	0.23	0.92	0.38
	si-CLOCK	0.02	0.33	0.92	0.00	0.90	0.00	0.34	0.00	0.32	0.00	0.00
	si-NC	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
F	si-BMAL1	1.66	1.91	2.56	1.21	0.78	5.33	1.79	–	1.64	0.16	1.13
	si-CLOCK	4.99	1.24	0.16	11.77	0.19	34.62	1.23	39.00	1.27	60.60	16.26
	si-NC	43.51	127.63	51.67	46.20	25.63	206.59	226.90	15.03	99.97	357.03	52.83

Note: ND represents not determined as there was no circadian rhythm. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between the treatment and si-NC group are shown by an asterisk (*).