Table 3. Relative risk (95% confidence interval) of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in association with joint status of self-reported sleep duration and napping frequency at weeks 16-22 of pregnancy, the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort (2009-2013).
| Sleep duration/Napping Status | n GDM/total n | Unadjusted RR (95% CI) | Adjusted Model A* RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8-9 hours & Rarely/Never | 12/582 | 1 | 1 |
| 5-7 hours & Rarely/Never | 26/440 | 2.61 (1.46, 5.62) | 2.56 (1.28, 5.10) |
| 10+ hours & Rarely/Never | 4/79 | 2.41 (0.81, 7.43) | 3.07 (1.02, 9.22) |
| 5-7 hours & Some/Most times | 19/476 | 1.95 (0.95, 3.95) | 2.11 (1.03, 4.32) |
| 8-9 hours & Some/Most times | 32/660 | 2.23 (1.22, 4.52) | 2.21 (1.16, 4.24) |
| 10+ hours & Some/Most times | 12/292 | 2.00 (0.91, 4.38) | 2.44 (1.12, 5.29) |
*
In Model A, relative risks (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with Poisson regression adjusting for maternal age (years), gestational age at interview (weeks), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Asian & Pacific Islander), parity (nulliparous or not), education (less, equal to or more than high-school), pre-pregnancy body mass index (kg/m2) marital status, and family history of diabetes (yes/no)
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus