Reagents and conditions: Method
A: R1 = H, (i) MeOH, H2SO4, (ii)
MeOH, amine. Method B: R1 = Bn, (i) CDI, THF, (ii) BCl3, DCM. Method C: R1 = Bn, (i) oxalyl chloride,
DCM, (ii) amine, (iii) Pd/C, TES. Method D: R1 = Bn, (i)
EDC, HOBT, DIEA, (ii) Pd/C, TES. Method E: R1 = Bn, (i)
DCC, NHS, (ii) amine. Note: compound 20 is a secondary
amide (−NR2)