Table 1.

Differential diagnosis of Abdominal wall DF (45,46)

Condition	Helpful clinical and imaging features
DF	Female patient in child-bearing age group, prior history of pregnancy, abdominal surgery such as cesarean section, use of oral contraceptives, slow growing mass, heterogeneous signal intensity on MR with low T2 signal intensity areas corresponding to collagen and fibrosis
Endometriosis	Mass along the cesarean scar, classic cyclical symptoms with size and pain increasing during menstrual period, co-existing pelvic endometriosis, CT may show homogenous infra-umbilical nodule with linear strands extending peripherally from the central nodule (gorgon sign), heterogeneous MR features depending upon age of blood products
Hematoma	History of trauma, anticoagulation therapy, coagulopathies; presence of high attenuation mass on non-contrast CT, lack of enhancement,
Injection granuloma	History of subcutaneous injections in abdominal wall, soft tissue lesion with foci of air, calcification, fluid etc.
Abscess	Relevant clinical history, characteristic physical exam findings ( erythema, warmth, tenderness etc.), heterogeneous hypoechoic lesion with increased Doppler flow along the periphery, hypodense fluid containing mass with thick enhancing peripheral rim on CT
Arteriovenous malformations	Vascular lesion showing flow voids on MR, presence of phleboliths
Lipomatous tumors ( including lipoma, atypical lipomatous tumors and liposarcoma)	Presence of fat in the lesion seen in ultrasound/ CT/ MR
Neurogenic tumors	History of neurofibroma, fusiform mass seen along the course of the nerve, avid enhancement, target sign on T2 weighted sequences
Lymphoma	History of lymphoma, homogenous soft tissue mass with moderate enhancement, presence of adenopathy above and below the diaphragm, splenomegaly etc.
Other malignant mesenchymal neoplasms	Biopsy is typically required for definitive diagnosis
Metastases	History of primary malignancy elsewhere in the body,