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. 2019 Jan 7;29(1):35–50.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.009

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Changes in Retinoic Acid Signaling during Gastrulation Modulate the Forelimb Field Position

(A–C) Cyp26a1 expression in zebra finch (A), chicken (B), and ostrich (C) embryos. Red arrowheads highlight the onset of Cyp26a1 expression in the presumptive LPM (black brackets); black asterisks, Hensen’s node; H, head.

(D–F) Hoxb4 expression in stage 13 control (D), retinoic-acid-treated (E), and AGN193109-treated (F) embryos.

(G) Position of Hoxb4 posterior border of expression in control (n = 14 embryos), retinoic-acid-treated (n = 15 embryos), and AGN193109-treated embryos (n = 22 embryos).

(H–J) Hoxb9 expression in stage 13 control (H), retinoic-acid-treated (I), and AGN193109-treated (J) embryos.

(K) Position of Hoxb9 anterior border of expression in control (n = 15 embryos), retinoic-acid-treated (n = 18 embryos), and AGN193109-treated embryos (n = 23 embryos).

(L–N) Tbx5 expression in stage 18 control (L), retinoic-acid-treated (M), and AGN193109-treated (N) embryos.

(O) Position of Tbx5 posterior border of expression in control (n = 12 embryos), retinoic-acid-treated (n = 15 embryos), and AGN193109-treated embryos (n = 13 embryos).

Red lines show changes in posterior-anterior border of expression in treated embryos compared to control embryos (dashed black lines).

Scale bars are 100 μm. (G, K, and O) Each dot represents one embryo; error bars represent mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis, ANOVA with Fisher least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test; ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗p < 0.01; ∗∗∗p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001.