Table 3.
Within year adjusted prevalence ratio (PR, 95%CI) of adiposity outcomes by linguistic background (reference group is English-speaking), Australia; 1997–2015
| Adiposity outcomes | 1997 | 2004 | 2010 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95%CI) | PR (95%CI) | PR (95%CI) | PR (95%CI) | |
| Overweight + obesity combined | ||||
| English-speaking (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| European | 1.46 (1.18, 1.81) | 1.10 (0.82, 1.47) | 1.31 (0.98, 1.75) | 1.08 (0.80, 1.45) |
| Middle Eastern | 1.30 (1.03, 1.64) | 1.42 (1.11, 1.81) | 1.38 (1.10, 1.73) | 1.29 (1.08, 1.52) |
| Asian | 0.89 (0.72, 1.10) | 0.83 (0.69, 1.00) | 1.03 (0.90, 1.18) | 0.94 (0.78, 1.12) |
| Obesity | ||||
| English-speaking (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| European | 1.05 (0.58, 1.89) | 1.54 (0.83, 2.86) | 2.14 (1.42, 3.23) | 0.79 (0.41, 1.55) |
| Middle Eastern | 1.61 (1.16, 2.24) | 1.49 (1.02, 2.16) | 1.65 (1.03, 2.64) | 1.24 (0.74, 2.06) |
| Asian | 0.78 (0.48, 1.27) | 0.72 (0.44, 1.16) | 1.00 (0.71, 1.39) | 0.55 (0.35, 0.86) |
| WHtR ≥ 0.5 | ||||
| English-speaking (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| European | 1.71 (1.20, 2.42) | 1.13 (0.62, 2.06) | 1.59 (1.11, 2.29) | 0.62 (0.32, 1.19) |
| Middle Eastern | 1.34 (0.95, 1.88) | 1.90 (1.29, 2.79) | 1.68 (1.18, 2.40) | 1.42 (1.08, 1.90) |
| Asian | 0.95 (0.66, 1.36) | 0.68 (0.41, 1.12) | 1.13 (0.87, 1.48) | 0.76 (0.56, 1.03) |
English-speaking reference category for each survey year; adjusted for sex, age, SES tertile (low, middle, high), residence (rural, urban); bold values are significant at p < 0.05