Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| AGE(YEARS) | |
| Mean | 57.9 |
| SD | 12.27 |
| Median | 59 |
| Q1–Q3 | 52–68 |
| Min.–Max. | 17.0–78.0 |
| GENDER | |
| Female | 63 (57.3%) |
| Male | 47 (42.7%) |
| PRIMARY HISTOLOGY | |
| Breast cancer | 43 (39.1%) |
| Lung cancer | 31 (28.2%) |
| Gastrointestinal cancers | 9 (8.2%) |
| Melanoma | 7 (6.4%) |
| Prostate cancer | 6 (5.5%) |
| Others | 14 (12.7%) |
| INTERVAL FROM PRIMARY DIAGNOSIS TO LC DIAGNOSIS (MONTHS) | |
| Mean | 60.4 |
| SD | 76.81 |
| Median | 29.5 |
| Q1–Q3 | 10–86 |
| Min.–Max. | 0.0–459.0 |
| KPI AT LC DIAGNOSIS (%) | |
| Mean | 60 |
| SD | 14 |
| Median | 60 |
| Q1–Q3 | 60–70 |
| Min.–Max. | 30–90 |
| METASTASES OUTSIDE CNS | |
| Yes | 82 (74.5%) |
| No | 28 (25.5%) |
| PARENCHYMAL BRAIN METASTASES | |
| Yes | 82 (74.5%) |
| No | 28 (25.5%) |
| LAST THERAPY BEFORE RT | |
| None | 33 (30.0%) |
| Systemic chemotherapy | 30 (27.3%) |
| Targeted therapy | 20 (18.2%) |
| Antihormonal therapy | 11 (10.0%) |
| Intrathecal chemotherapy | 9 (8.2%) |
| Combination therapy | 7 (6.3%) |
| THERAPY AFTER RT | |
| None | 68 (61.8%) |
| Systemic chemotherapy | 16 (14.5%) |
| Targeted therapy | 14 (12.7%) |
| Antihormonal therapy | 5 (4.5%) |
| Intrathecal chemotherapy | 4 (3.6%) |
| Combination therapy | 3 (2.7%) |
| DIAGNOSTICS | |
| MRI | 110 (100.0%) |
| Lumbar puncture | 64 (58.2%) |
| Both | 64 (58.2%) |
| LC SPREAD | |
| Spine | 65 (59.1%) |
| Brain | 79 (71.8%) |
| Both | 46 (41.8%) |
| NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION (NFS) BEFORE TREATMENT | |
| 0 | 4 (3.6%) |
| 1 | 26 (23.6%) |
| 2 | 57 (51.8%) |
| 3 | 23 (20.9%) |
| LDH LEVEL (U/L) | |
| Mean | 371.9 |
| SD | 217.03 |
| Median | 315 |
| Q1–Q3 | 245.75–419 |
| Min.–Max. | 134.0–1267.0 |
| CRP LEVEL (MG/L) | |
| Mean | 19.4 |
| SD | 37.53 |
| Median | 3.2 |
| Q1–Q3 | 1.9–15.6 |
| Min.–Max. | 1.9–249.5 |
| HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL (U/L) | |
| Mean | 12.5 |
| SD | 1.92 |
| Median | 12.9 |
| Q1–Q3 | 11.2–13.9 |
| Min.–Max. | 7.9–16.1 |
| RPA CLASS (82 PATIENTS WITH BRAIN METASTASES) | |
| 1 | 11 (13.4%) |
| 2 | 29 (35.4%) |
| 3 | 42 (51.2%) |
| GPA SCORE (82 PATIENTS WITH BRAIN METASTASES) | |
| 0–1 | 71 (64.5%) |
| 1.5–2.5 | 10 (9.1%) |
| 3.0 | 1 (0.9%) |
| 3.5–4.0 | 0 (0.0%) |
LC, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis; CNS, central nervous system; RT, radiotherapy; KPI, Karnofsky performance scale index; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NFS, neurologic function scale; CRP, C-reactive protein; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; RPA, recursive partitioning analysis; GPA, graded prognostic assessment.