Table 6.
Effect of PEs on the percutaneous permeation parameters of ibuprofen through excised rat skin (n = 5)
| PE | Flux/µg·cm-2·h-1 | ER | Q48/µg·cm-2 | Permeation Ratio a/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica oil | 48.88 ± 8.92 *** | 3.35 | 1102.57 ± 94.58 *** | 57.70 |
| Chuanxiong oil | 52.05 ± 7.83 ***,# | 3.57 | 1285.15 ± 109.92 ***,# # | 67.26 |
| Cyperus oil | 32.97 ± 11.72 *** | 2.26 | 790.28 ± 118.71 *** | 41.35 |
| Cinnamon oil | 40.78 ± 9.99 *** | 2.80 | 1084.21 ± 162.80 *** | 56.74 |
| Clove oil | 44.70 ± 7.89 *** | 3.07 | 1201.02 ± 197.02 ***,# | 62.85 |
| Azone | 37.10 ± 8.51 *** | 2.55 | 912.33 ± 178.13 *** | 47.74 |
| Control | 14.57 ± 3.47 | - | 404.29 ± 106.10 | 21.16 |
a Cumulative amount of permeated ibuprofen at 48h/added ibuprofen × 100%. Control: ibuprofen hydrogel without PE. ***p < 0.001 vs. the control group (ibuprofen only). # p < 0.05, # # p < 0.01 vs. the Azone group.