Figure 1.

IPP and DMAPP synthesis pathway in plants. DMAPP is converted from IPP by IPI in the MVA pathway, whereas the simultaneous production of IPP and DMAPP from HMBPP occurs in the MEP pathway. HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA; MVA, mevalonic acid; IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate; DMAPP, dimethylallyl diphosphate; FPP, farnesyl diphosphate; GAP, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; DXP, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate; MEP, 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate; HMBPP, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate; HMBPPR, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-phosphate reductase; GGPP, geranylgeranyl diphosphate.