Table 3.
Description of the main clinical characteristics of participants according to metabolomic test and transaminases to diagnose different liver status.
| Metabolomic test (OWLiver Care) |
ALT (U/L) | AST (U/L) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n= 127 | <0.5 (n28) |
≥0.5 (n84) |
Men ≤ 41 (U/L) Women ≤ 33 (U/L) n (85) |
Men >41 (U/L) Women > 33 (U/L) n (42) |
Men ≤ 37 (U/L) Women ≤ 31 (U/L) n (113) |
Men > 37 (U/L) Women > 31 (U/L) n (14) |
| Anthropometric and body composition | ||||||
| Weight (kg) | 92.3 (11.7) | 96.9 (14.4) | 95.6 (13.7) | 96.3 (15.6) | 96.7 (14.4) | 89.5 (12.1) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.1 (3.3) | 34.2 (4.9) | 33.7 (3.6) | 34.1 (4.5) | 33.9 (9.0) | 33.4 (3.4) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 106.4 (7.6) | 111.0 (9.7) | 109.3 (9.7) | 110.8 (9.7) | 110.0 (9.8) | 107.7 (8.9) |
| Android total fat mass (%) | 52.5 (11.8) | 53.0 (5.8) | 53.1 (6.4) | 52.8 (5.0) | 53.1 (6.1) | 52.5 (4.4) |
| Total fat mass (%) | 42.0 (10.4) | 42.9 (6.3) | 40.2 (8.7) | 39.0 (10.0) | 40.2 (9.3) | 36.4 (5.9) |
| General biochemical variables | ||||||
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 183.0 (37.1) | 200.8 (37.9) | 193.7 (38.6) | 198.4 (36.9) | 194.8 (38.5) | 198.7 (34.6) |
| TG (mg/dL) | 86.8 (33.0) | 151.3 (73.9) | 130.7 (67.6) | 149.8 (92.2) | 138.0 (78.7) | 128.7 (60.7) |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 98.6 (13.0) | 109.5 (32.6) | 105.1 (17.1) | 113.8 (45.3) | 107.3 (29.8) | 113.7 (31.3) |
| Insulin (mU/L) | 14.3 (8.7) | 20.3 (11.5) | 17.6 (10.7) | 21.6 (12.7) | 18.6 (11.8) | 21.5 (9.1) |
| HOMA-IR | 2.0 (0.9) | 5.5 (4.8) | 4.7 (3.6) | 6.6 (6.4) | 5.2 (4.9) | 6.2 (3.2) |
| HOMA-β | 3.3 (1.5) | 6.9 (3.7) | 6.4 (3.4) | 7.5 (4.2) | 6.7 (3.8) | 7.4 (3.1) |
| Liver markers | ||||||
| ALT (U/L) | 26.8 (16.7) | 35.5 (17.3) | 23.8 (7.1) | 54.1 (16.8) | 29.7 (12.4) | 67.5 (22.3) |
| AST (U/L) | 21.6 (6.2) | 25.6 (10.0) | 20.7 (5.1) | 33.6 (11.4) | 22.4 (5.7) | 45.5 (12.4) |
| GGT (U/L) | 23.1 (11.3) | 41.8 (25.0) | 31.4 (23.1) | 49.6 (26.9) | 35.4 (23.9) | 53.3 (35.0) |
| FLI (arbitrary units) | 68.4 (18.2) | 84.4 (14.5) | 78.1 (18.0) | 83.5 (17.7) | 79.9 (18.0) | 80.3 (18.8) |
| RBP-4 (mg/L) | 35.8 (12.5) | 36.4 (10.0) | 35.7 (9.7) | 37.7 (10.8) | 36.0 (9.6) | 39.5 (13.2) |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.6 (0.7) | 0.5 (1.2) | 0.5 (1.4) | 0.4 (0.6) | 0.5 (1.2) | 0.5 (0.1) |
| FGF-21 (pg/mL) | 187.0 (148.5) | 280.2 (231.4) | 253.3 (223.1) | 318.5 (234.8) | 254.6 (215.5) | 438.1 (268.5) |
| TyG ratio | 0.8 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.4) |
(mean ± SD). Statistically different data are in bold type. BMI: Body mass Index; TG: triglycerides; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; ALT: Alanine-amino transferase; AST: Aspartate-amino transferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; FLI: Fatty liver index;
RBP-4, retinol binding protein 4; CRP, c-reactive protein; FGF-21, Fibroblast growth factor 21; TyG, triglycerides/ glucose ratio. Cut-off points: Metabolomic test (OWLiver Care) = 0.5; ALT= 41 (U/L) men and 33 (U/L) for women; AST = 37 (U/L) for men and 31 (U/L) for women.