Table 2.

Kinematic outcomes of the Standardized Nine Hole Peg test in all participants^a

Variables	Stroke group (n = 28) affected arm	Control group (n = 41) non-dominant arm	p-value	Effect size
Total movement time, s	22.42 (8.57)	12.66 (1.97)	< 0.001	0.72
Time for Peg Grip, s	0.59 (0.33)	0.22 (0.09)	< 0.001	0.72
Time for Peg Transfer, s	0.61 (0.15)	0.44 (0.07)	< 0.001	0.65
Time for Peg In Hole, s	0.85 (0.55)	0.40 0.12)	< 0.001	0.61
Time for Hand Return, s	0.57 (0.1)	0.42 (0.05)	< 0.001	0.58
Grasp-Reach ratio	1.18 (0.57)	0.73 (0.21)	< 0.001	0.57
Peak speed Peg Transfer, s	0.59 (0.13)	0.76 (0.10)	< 0.001	0.61
Peak speed Hand Return, s	0.71 (0.17)	0.87 (0.09)	< 0.001	0.48
Time to peak speed Peg Transfer, s	0.23 (0.05)	0.17 (0.02)	< 0.001	0.68
Time to peak speed Hand Return, s	0.29 (0.08)	0.23 (0.03)	< 0.001	0.42
NMU for Peg Transfer, n	1.6 (0.5)	1.1 (0.2)	< 0.001	0.57
NMU for Hand Return, n	1.5 (0.4)	1.1 (0.1)	< 0.001	0.44
Path ratio Peg Transfer	1.24 (0.08)	1.21 (0.04)	NS
Path ratio Hand Return	1.17 (0.09)	1.12 (0.04)	< 0.001	0.32
Trunk displacement for Peg Transfer, °	3.5 (2.0)	2.1 (0.5)	< 0.001	0.50
Trunk displacement for Hand Return, °	3.8 (2.5)	2.3 (0.5)	< 0.001	0.43
Acromion displacement, mm	37.9 (19.3)	22.2 (9.3)	< 0.001	0.42

^aResults are reported as mean (standard deviation). NMU number of movement units