FIGURE 3.

Mucorales stimulate strong pro-inflammatory cytokine response of moDCs. Concentrations of selected cytokines and chemokines were determined in the upper compartment using a 13-plex assay after 30 h of incubation with 2.5 × 10⁵ resting Mucorales spores or mock infection with medium (Med) in the presence or absence of moDCs. Mean values and standard deviations of four independent experimental runs using moDCs from different donors are shown. Two-sided Student’s t-test was used for significance testing. ■p < 0.1, ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001. Rar, R. arrhizus; Rmp, R. pusillus; Cbe, C. bertholletiae.