Table 3.
Haemodynamic data
| Group: | Lowlanders | Highlanders | P values | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroup: | Controls (n = 17) | CMS− (n = 14) | CMS+ (n = 23) | CMS− vs. controls | CMS+ vs. controls | CMS+ vs. CMS− |
| MAP (mmHg) | 79 ± 21 | 80 ± 10 | 87 ± 14 | 0.238 (between groups) | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 118 ± 30 | 118 ± 18 | 128 ± 22 | 0.309 (between groups) | ||
| DBP (mmHg) | 61 ± 18 | 61 ± 8 | 67 ± 11 | 0.228 (between groups) | ||
| (L/min) | 7.42 ± 1.33 | 6.99 ± 0.80 | 7.24 ± 1.38 | 0.627 (between groups) | ||
| HR (beats/min) | 71 ± 14 | 71 ± 12 | 72 ± 14 | 0.990 (between groups) | ||
| SV (mL) | 105 ± 13 | 101 ± 22 | 103 ± 22 | 0.853 (between groups) | ||
| TPR (mmHg/L/min) | 10.97 ± 2.93 | 11.60 ± 1.73 | 12.41 ± 2.80 | 0.231 (between groups) | ||
| (%) | 97 ± 0 | 91 ± 5* | 88 ± 4*† | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.044 |
| PETO2 (mmHg) | 107 ± 5 | 54 ± 3* | 51 ± 5* | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.236 |
| PETCO2 (mmHg) | 39 ± 3 | 34 ± 5* | 33 ± 4* | 0.019 | 0.022 | 1.000 |
| Cerebrovascular | ||||||
| MCAv (cm/s) | 49 ± 12 | 39 ± 12* | 35 ± 12*† | 0.044 | 0.001 | 0.048 |
| MCAv/Hct (cm/s) | 50 ± 11 | 42 ± 13* | 43 ± 14* | 0.039 | 0.037 | 1.000 |
| MCAv/PETCO2 (cm/s) | 51 ± 11 | 48 ± 16 | 44 ± 15* | 1.000 | 0.040 | 1.000 |
| PI (AU) | 1.04 ± 0.18 | 1.15 ± 0.41 | 1.45 ± 0.39*† | 1.000 | 0.002 | 0.048 |
| Normalised PI (AU) | 0.014 ± 0.006 | 0.014 ± 0.005 | 0.017 ± 0.004 | 0.216 (between groups) | ||
| CVR (mmHg/cm/s) | 1.74 ± 0.69 | 2.27 ± 0.80 | 2.89 ± 0.57*† | 0.667 | 0.010 | 0.037 |
| CVCi (cm/s/mmHg) | 0.70 ± 0.39 | 0.49 ± 0.16 | 0.42 ± 0.18*† | 0.088 | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| CDO2 (mL/cm/s) | 983 ± 209 | 850 ± 305* | 889 ± 303* | 0.046 | 0.047 | 1.000 |
Values are mean ± SD; CMS−/CMS+, highlanders without/with chronic mountain sickness; HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; , cardiac output; SV, stroke volume; TPR, total peripheral resistance; , arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation; PETO2/CO2, end‐tidal partial pressure of oxygen/carbon dioxide; MCAv, middle cerebral artery velocity; SMCAv/DMCAv, systolic/diastolic MCAv; MCAv/Hct, MCAv (retrospectively) adjusted for differences in haematocrit (Hct); MCAv/PETCO2, MCAv (retrospectively) adjusted for differences in end‐tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, see Methods; AU, arbitrary units; CVR, cerebrovascular resistance; CVCi, cerebrovascular conductance index; CDO2, cerebral oxygen delivery. *Different vs. lowlanders (P < 0.05); **different vs. hypoxia for given highlanders subgroup (P < 0.05); †different vs. CMS− for given inspirate (P < 0.05). Data were analysed using one‐way ANOVAs and post hoc Bonferonni‐adjusted independent samples t‐tests.