Table 3.
Comparison of female household representatives by knowledge of breast self-examination (n= 790).
| Knowledge of BSE a (n=201) | No Knowledge of BSE (n= 589) | P value b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median [IQR]) | 34 [27, 45] | 31 [24, 40] | p=0.01∗ |
| Use of Cooking Fuel in Household | |||
| Wood | 181 (90.1%) | 529 (90.7%) | p=0.99 |
| Charcoal | 45 (22.3%) | 92 (15.8%) | p=0.22 |
| Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) fuel | 113 (56.2%) | 247 (42.4%) | p=0.02∗ |
| Kerosene | 36 (17.9%) | 102 (17.5%) | p=0.89 |
| Other | 2 (1.0%) | 2 (0.3%) | p=0.38 |
| Highest Education level achieved by any household member | p=0.03∗ | ||
| No formal education | 3 (1.5%) | 22 (3.8%) | |
| Primary | 31 (15.7%) | 134 (23.2%) | |
| Secondary | 76 (38.4%) | 227 (39.3%) | |
| Tertiary | 88 (44.4%) | 191 (33.1%) | |
| Primary barrier to seeking Formal care | |||
| None | 69 (34.3%) | 220 (37.7%) | p=0.25 |
| Too Expensive | 42 (20.9%) | 104 (17.8%) | p=0.15 |
| Inaccessible (Too Far) | 5 (2.5%) | 38 (6.5%) | p=0.05∗ |
| Belief that treatment is ineffective | 1 (0.5%) | 13 (2.2%) | p=0.11 |
| Rude or Inattentive staff | 56 (27.9%) | 126 (21.6%) | p=0.24 |
| Preference for traditional medicine | 1 (0.5%) | 5 (0.9%) | p=0.14 |
| Preference for faith healing | 0 (0%) | 4 (0.7%) | p=0.12 |
| Other | 45 (22.4%) | 107 (18.4%) | p=0.33 |
| Transport used by household to seek formal care after Injury | p=0.02∗ | ||
| Walking | 85 (42.5%) | 288 (50.7%) | |
| Private car | 1 (0.5%) | 3 (0.5%) | |
| Private Motorcycle | 0 (0%) | 4 (0.7%) | |
| Taxi | 27 (13.5%) | 64 (11.3%) | |
| Mototaxi | 84 (42.0%) | 209 (36.8%) | |
| Bus | 3 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Primary spoken language in Household | p=0.05∗ | ||
| Pidgin English | 57 (28.5%) | 200 (34.7%) | |
| English | 76 (38.0%) | 153 (26.5%) | |
| French | 6 (3.0%) | 17 (3.0%) | |
| Local dialect | 54 (27%) | 180 (31.2%) | |
| Other | 7 (3.5%) | 27 (4.7%) | |
| Primary spoken language used to communicate with health providers: | |||
| Pidgin English | 80 (39.8%) | 313 (53.7%) | p=0.03∗ |
| English | 143 (71.1%) | 363 (62.3%) | p<0.01∗ |
| French | 10 (5.0%) | 38 (6.5%) | p=0.37 |
| Local dialect | 4 (2.0%) | 20 (3.4%) | p=0.70 |
| Other | 2 (0.3%) | 1(0.5%) | p=0.55 |
Note: BSE = breast self-examination. An asterisk (∗) represents a p value of ≤ 0.05. Frequencies and percentages may not add up as a result of missing data.
aKnowledge of BSE indicates that the study subject reported knowing how to perform BSE on herself.
bAll p value estimates were calculated using the adjusted Wald test and Pearson Chi Square test. The Wald test was adjusted for all variables in the data.