Table 1. Physical properties of PMSQ–SF hybrid aerogels and a pure silk aerogel for comparison.
| PMSQ–SF aerogel | [Silane]total in the sol (w/v%) | SF content a (%) | TMSPA Si mol% | ρ bulk b [g cm–3] | ρ skeleton c [g cm–3] | ε d (%) | Compressive strength, δmax [MPa] | E modulus [MPa] | Contact angle [°] |
| PMSQ–SF aerogel hybrids: [Si] 3.5 | |||||||||
| EM-SF-15 | 7.3 | 15 | 0 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 2.30 ± 0.05 | 97 | 1.2 | 5.2 | >150 |
| EM-SF-40 | 7.3 | 40 | 0 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 1.92 ± 0.02 | 95 | 2.5 | 3.1 | >150 |
| EMT-10-SF-15 | 7.3 | 15 | 10 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 2.27 ± 0.01 | 94 | 7.9 | 6.3 | 137 |
| EMT-10-SF-40 | 7.3 | 40 | 10 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 1.47 ± 0.03 | 90 | 14 | 18.1 | 135 |
| EMT-20-SF-15 | 7.3 | 15 | 20 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 1.38 ± 0.05 | 90 | 7.2 | 84.2 | 122 |
| EMT-20-SF-40 | 7.3 | 40 | 20 | 0.16 ± 0.05 | 1.25 ± 0.02 | 88 | 10 | 40.1 | 108 |
| SF e | — | 40 | — | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 3.59 ± 0.01 | 99 | 0.33 | 0.2 | 10 |
| PMSQ–SF aerogel hybrids: [Si] 17.5 | |||||||||
| EM-SF-1 | 27.8 | 1 | 0 | 0.145 ± 0.03 | 1.57 ± 0.05 | 91 | 0.01 | 0.3 | >150 |
| EM-SF-4 | 27.8 | 4 | 0 | 0.157 ± 0.02 | 1.73 ± 0.02 | 91 | 0.11 | 0.7 | >150 |
| EMT-10-SF-1 | 27.8 | 1 | 10 | 0.220 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.03 | 84 | 0.031 | 0.2 | 147 |
| EMT-10-SF-4 | 27.8 | 4 | 10 | 0.232 ± 0.02 | 1.57 ± 0.01 | 85 | 0.10 | 0.8 | 145 |
aSF content is reported with respect to the total silane in the sol mixture.
bBulk (ρbulk).
cSkeleton (ρskeleton) density.
dPorosity (ε%, eqn (S1)) of synthesized hybrids.
eThe pristine SF aerogel is called (AeroSF).