Table 1.
Mean (SD) or number (%) of the groups for the demographic characteristics of N = 222 participants at baseline.
| Characteristics | Negative DTC (1) (n = 60) | Positive DTC (2) (n = 53) | Positive and negative DTC (3) (n = 109) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 70.56 (4.7)* | 73.50 (5.7) | 72.43 (5.0) |
| Females, number (%) | 75.0 | 75.9 | 72.1 |
| Height (cm) females | 164.5 (7.8) | 164.1 (6.2) | 164.7 (6.5) |
| Height (cm) males | 177.2 (9.0) | 178.9 (4.9) | 176.6 (7.2) |
| Weight (kg) females | 69.4 (12.2) | 66.2 (11.3) | 69.2 (11.4) |
| Weight (kg) males | 83.4 (12.4) | 84.8 (8.1) | 84.0 (11.2) |
| SPPB (score out of 12) | 11.43 (0.9) | 11.22 (0.8) | 11.24 (0.9) |
| Walking speed (km/h) | 3.19 (1.0) | 3.13 (0.7) | 3.21 (0.6) |
| Hand grip force (kg) | 22.9 (10.8) | 19.7 (7.8) | 20.3 (10.1) |
| MMSE (>25) | 27.8 (2.5) | 26.7 (2.4) | 27.7 (3.0) |
| FES-I (score out of 64) | 21.2 (4.3) | 20.0 (3.7) | 19.7 (3.0) |
| SF-12 physical (reference score age group 37.76 ± 12.27) | 47.1 (8.5) | 45.9 (9.2) | 49.3 (8.2) |
| SF-12 mental (reference score age group 50.24 ± 10.81) | 50.0 (8.2) | 52.0 (7.5) | 51.4 (7.3) |
| Right answers Stroop test sitting | 27.6 (3.0) | 26.4 (4.5) | 27.2 (3.1) |
| Right answers Stroop test walking | 27.5 (2.6) | 26.9 (3.2) | 27.4 (3.3) |
BMI, Body Mass Index; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; FES-I, Falls Efficacy Scale International; SF-12, Short Form-12 questionnaire; MMSE, Mini Mental Status Examination. *p < 0.05.