Table 3.

Odor activity values (OAVs) of the compounds produced in milk fermented with 1:100 and 1:1000 ratios of L. plantarum P-8 to S. thermophilus (compared with a 1:1000 ratio of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus to S. thermophilus).

Volatile compound	Odor threshold (μg/L)	OAV						Reference
		1:1	1:5	1:10	1:50	1:100	1:1000
3-Methyl-butanal	5.4	–	0.42	0.37	0.96	1.58	2.10	Qian and Reineccius, 2003
Hexanal	3	–	–	1.83	5.1	10.99	10.69	Gemert, 2003
Heptanal	750	0.002	0.0037	0.0038	0.005	0.01	0.01	Qian and Reineccius, 2003
(E)-2-Heptenal	13	–	–	0.26	–	0.79	0.71	Leffingwell and Leffingwell, 1991
(Z)-2-Heptenal	13	0.43	–	–	0.08	–	0.60	John, 2001
(E)-2-Octenal	3	1.84	1.27	1.27	1.65	3.34	2.68	John, 2001
Nonanal	1	1.03	1.05	0.63	0.56	2.38	1.99	Gemert, 2003
2-Heptanone	5	2.71	2.11	1.63	0.61	5.57	5.04	Attaie, 2009
2-Nonanone	5	2.65	1.99	1.69	0.35	4.34	3.63	Attaie, 2009
3-Methyl-1-butanol	4750	–	–	–		–	–	Qian and Reineccius, 2003
1-Octen-3-ol	10	0.13	0.11	0.08	0.05	0.23	0.26	Molimard and Spinnler, 1996
Hexanol	120	0.13	0.10	0.07	0.05	0.20	0.19	Qian and Reineccius, 2003
Acetoin	55	–	–	–	–	0.28	–	Qian and Reineccius, 2003