Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of patients treated with either ONU or LNU for upper tract urothelial carcinoma
| Characteristic | All patients (n=1,521) | ONU (n=906, 59.6%) | LNU (n=615, 40.4%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 65.0 (57.0-72.0) | 65.0 (57.0-72.0) | 64.0 (57.0-72.0) | 0.627 |
| Male sex | 1,127 (74.1) | 665 (73.4) | 462 (75.1) | 0.452 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 (22.2-26.1) | 24.1 (22.0-26.0) | 24.5 (22.7-26.5) | 0.003 |
| ASA score | ||||
| 1 | 388 (25.5) | 254 (28.0) | 134 (21.8) | 0.017 |
| 2 | 1,004 (66.0) | 565 (62.4) | 439 (71.4) | |
| ≥ 3 | 93 (6.1) | 56 (6.2) | 37 (6.0) | |
| Missing/Unknown | 36 (2.4) | 31 (3.4) | 5 (0.8) | |
| Previous bladder cancer | 180 (11.8) | 118 (13.0) | 62 (10.1) | 0.081 |
| Concomitant bladder cancer | 107 (7.0) | 64 (7.1) | 43 (7.0) | 0.957 |
| Tumor laterality | ||||
| Right | 691 (45.4) | 418 (46.1) | 273 (44.4) | 0.502 |
| Left | 830 (54.6) | 488 (53.9) | 342 (55.6) | |
| Tumor location | ||||
| Renal pelvis | 682 (44.8) | 398 (43.9) | 284 (46.2) | 0.073 |
| Ureter | 565 (37.1) | 328 (36.2) | 237 (38.5) | |
| Both renal pelvis and ureter | 274 (18.0) | 180 (19.9) | 94 (15.3) | |
| Pathological T stage | ||||
| pTis/pTa | 235 (15.5) | 143 (15.8) | 92 (15.0) | 0.361 |
| pT1 | 404 (26.6) | 234 (25.8) | 170 (27.6) | |
| pT2 | 255 (16.8) | 143 (15.8) | 112 (18.2) | |
| pT3 | 592 (38.9) | 358 (39.5) | 234 (38.0) | |
| pT4 | 35 (2.3) | 28 (3.1) | 7 (1.1) | |
| Tumor grade | ||||
| Low grade | 485 (31.9) | 279 (30.8) | 206 (33.5) | 0.239 |
| High grade | 993 (65.3) | 603 (66.6) | 390 (63.4) | |
| Missing/Unknown | 43 (2.8) | 24 (2.6) | 19 (3.1) | |
| Concomitant LVI | 332 (21.8) | 218 (24.1) | 114 (18.5) | 0.010 |
| Concomitant CIS | 214 (14.1) | 124 (13.7) | 90 (14.6) | 0.602 |
| Pathological N stage | ||||
| pNx | 773 (50.8) | 490 (54.1) | 283 (46.0) | < 0.001 |
| pN0 | 631 (41.5) | 329 (36.3) | 302 (49.1) | |
| ≥ pN1 | 117 (7.7) | 87 (9.6) | 30 (4.9) | |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 340 (22.4) | 211 (23.3) | 129 (21.0) | 0.288 |
| Length of follow-up (mo) | 54.9 (32.7-89.7) | 62.0 (31.3-110.7) | 48.9 (33.5-72.7) | < 0.001 |
Values are presented as number (%). The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to investigate the normal distribution of continuous variables. Continuous and non-normally distributed variables are presented as medians with interquartile ranges.
ONU, open nephroureterectomy; LNU, laparoscopic nephroureterectomy; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; CIS, carcinoma in situ.