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. 2019 Mar;14(3):485–490. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.245474

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Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) aggravates the ethanol-induced metabolic impairment of cerebellar granule neurons.

(A) Representative images of cerebellar granular cells in culture in phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy (Calcein-AM (green), Hoechst33342 (blue), and propidium iodide (red): from left to right) for OGD (OGD only) and EtOH OGD groups (EtOH + OGD). Scale bar represents 10 µm. (B, C) Metabolic activity (B) and cellular ATP level (C) in EtOH OGD group decreased after ethanol exposure compared with the OGD group. All experiments were repeated at least three times on independent cultures, each time on three to 19 different wells for every group and every experimental condition. ****P < 0.0001, vs. control group; #P < 0.05 (two-sided, unpaired t-test).