Table 1.
Properties and performances of different membranes in terms of CVN purification.
| ID | Material [–] | Membrane area [m2] | MWCO [kDa]a | Pore radius [nm] | Membrane thickness [μm] | Permeate CVN recovery [% initial] | Permeate TSP recovery [% initial] | CVN Purity increase [–] | Completed UFDF cycles [–] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | PSBC | 1.7·10−3 | ~150 | 8.5 | 50 | 73.90 | 93.92 | 0.79 | 4 |
| B | PSBC | 1.7·10−3 | ~325 | 12.0 | 11 | 92.89 | 78.73 | 1.18 | 2b |
| C | PSBC | 1.7·10−3 | ~1,200 | 21.0 | 41 | 66.20 | 68.43 | 0.97 | 2b |
| D | PSBC | 1.7·10−3 | ~3,500 | 34.0 | 31 | 81.03 | 62.54 | 1.30 | 3b |
| E | PAN | 1.7·10−3 | ~215 | 10.0 | 40 | 101.22 | 92.29 | 1.10 | 4 |
| F | PVDF + 50% TiO2 | 1.7·10−3 | ~40,000 | 100.0 | 40 | 52.49 | 79.67 | 0.66 | 4 |
| n.a. | RC | 0.02 | 30 | ~4.2 | 180 | n.a. | 0.42 | n.a. | 3 |
| n.a. | RC | 0.02 | 100 | ~7.1 | 180 | 69.75 | 17.06 | 3.14 | 4 |
| n.a. | PESU | 0.02 | 100 | ~7.1 | 120 | 45.22 | 10.82 | 3.49 | 4 |
| n.a. | PESU | 0.02 | 300 | ~11.6 | 120 | n.a. | 97.90 | n.a. | 3 |
a
MWCO was estimated based on Equation 1 for block copolymer materials.
b
The run was terminated due to the blocking of the membrane.