Table 2.
Natural history of FCASS over time stratified by FCA subtype, recurrence, and 1-year neurological outcomes (PSOM).
| Baseline |
Maximum* |
Final** |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Median | (Range) | n | Median | (Range) | n | Median | (Range) | |
| Overall | 41 | 4 | (1, 15) | 33 | 7 | (2, 16) | 19 | 4 | (0, 15) |
| Subtype‡ | |||||||||
| FCAi | 25 | 3 | (1, 8) | 22 | 6 | (2, 13) | 12 | 3.5 | (0, 7) |
| FCAd | 7 | 10 | (5, 13) | 5 | 14 | (5, 16) | 3 | 5 | (0, 9) |
| FCAu | 9 | 3 | (1, 15) | 6 | 8 | (2, 15) | 4 | 3.5 | (0, 15) |
| Recurrent stroke | |||||||||
| Yes | 8 | 4.5 | (1, 8) | 8 | 7 | (3, 16) | 4 | 4.5 | (0, 9) |
| No | 33 | 4 | (1, 15) | 25 | 7 | (2, 16) | 15 | 4 | (0, 15) |
| 1-year PSOM† | |||||||||
| 0–1 (no/mild deficits) | 25 | 4 | (1, 15) | 21 | 6 | (2, 15) | 13 | 3 | (0, 15) |
| 1.5–3 (moderate) | 12 | 5 | (1, 13) | 9 | 9 | (3, 16) | 5 | 7 | (1, 9) |
| 3.5–6 (severe) | 2 | 7 | (2, 12) | 2 | 12 | (8, 16) | 1 | 5 | (5, 5) |
| 6.5–10 (profound) | 0 | - | (-) | 0 | - | (-) | 0 | - | (-) |
*
Time from index stroke to imaging with maximum FCASS: median 5 days (range 0, 189 days; IQR 2, 15); includes all of those with follow-up (n=33), with or without progression
**
The last FCASS score for those cases with follow-up imaging ≥6 months post-stroke.
†
PSOM=Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure; missing for 2 cases; trend test for correlation, p=0.68 for baseline, 0.037 for maximum, and 0.16 for final FCASS score
FCAi=inflammation type; d=dissection type; u=undetermined
‡
Differences between FCAi and FCAd are significant for baseline (p=0.001) and maximum (p=0.0007) but not for final FCASS (p=0.11)