Figure 3.

(a) The mechanism of ice nucleation via drop condensation and freezing on superhydrophobic surfaces and SLIPS-based surfaces. The images demonstrate the texture permeation for superhydrophobic surfaces during frost formation, and lubricant wicking from SLIPS-based surfaces. (b) Cryo-FIB/SEM images of a water droplet before and after freezing on oil impregnated silicon microposts (a,b) reprinted with permission from [57] Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. (c) Standard fabrication steps for a SLIPS-based lubricated coating; (c) adapted from [79] with permission. (d) Schematic diagram of AFP functionalized aluminium (adapted from [80] with permission from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).