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. 2019 Jan 10;9:1925. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01925

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Copyright © 2019 Mishchenko, Mitroshina, Usenko, Voronova, Astrakhanova, Shirokova, Kastalskiy and Vedunova.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative electron microscopy images of dissociated hippocampal cells on DIV 10. (a–e) Sham, (f–j) BDNF, (k–o) ANA-12, (p–t) BDNF + ANA-12. (a) Axo-spiny synapse; the cristae of mitochondria in a dendrite are smooth. (b) Neuronal soma; the cytoplasm shows well-visualized mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, granular endoplasmic reticulum, and numerous free ribosomes. (c) Mitochondria in a glial cell; cristae are smooth, and the glia-glial gap junction is well visualized. (d) Cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum in a dendrite are expanded, and the cristae in a mitochondrion are smooth. (e) Growth cone. (f) Mitochondrion in a neuronal axon. (g) Mitochondria in a neuronal soma, some are without cristae and have an enlightened matrix, a vacuole, and numerous free ribosomes. (h) Glial outgrowth, a few glycogen pellets and uneven cristae in a mitochondrion are visible. (i) Axo-spiny contact; mitochondria in a dendrite have swollen cristae. (j) Dendritic spine. (k) Axo-spiny synapse, short postsynaptic density (PSD), few synaptic vesicles near the active zone, and large osmiophilic bubbles in an axon. (l) Part of the cell body; a destroyed Golgi apparatus is visualized, mitochondria have normal structures, and an extremely low number of ribosomes are present on the endoplasmic reticulum. (m) Mitochondria in a glial cell, axonal outgrowth, and an enlightened axoplasm. (n) Mitochondria in a dendrite are densely packaged, have an irregular shape and exhibit cristae with small extensions. (o) Axo-dendritic synapse, destroyed mitochondria in a dendrite. (p) Mature axo-spiny synapse, a vacuole in an axon. (q) Increased Golgi apparatus area, a vacuole and destroyed mitochondria in the cytoplasm. (r) Mitochondria with impaired internal structures in a glial outgrowth, with a large number of osmiophilic bubbles. (s) Mitochondria in a large dendrite. (t) Mitochondria in a glial outgrowth have impaired internal structures. Scale bar – 0.5 μm.