Figure 1.

Ten structural MRI scans were aligned using two different standard neocortex-based spatial registration techniques. The brainstem of each individual brain was then traced to demonstrate how poorly they are aligned by these methods. In functional neuroimaging, detection of activation in a given brain structure is completely dependent upon the alignment of that structure across all subjects. No signal will be detected if the region of interest is not aligned. Reprinted from Napadow et al. (29) with permission from Elsevier.