Fig. 1.

a) Skin puckering at the antecubital fossa should warn of a high energy fracture which transects the brachialis muscle and biceps. b) Very displaced type III fracture. When the fracture is very displaced, ‘S-deformity’ and skin puckering are usually present, and the possibility of neurovascular injury and compartment syndrome should be considered; c) The so-called ‘S-deformity’ is present in very displaced extension-type fractures.