Table 1.

Baseline demographics^a

	Total (n = 119)		Control (n = 60)		FFF intervention (n = 59)		p-value
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Mother
Age (y; mean (SD))	29.8 (7.1)		30.0 (6.9)		29.5 (7.3)		0.71
Race/ethnicity
Black/African American	108	90.8	57	95.0	51	86.4	0.11
Other	11	9.2	3	5.0	8	13.6
Marital status
Single	93	78.2	49	81.7	44	74.6	0.66
Married/living together	22	18.4	9	15.0	13	22.0
Other	4	3.4	2	3.3	2	3.4
Education
< HS	31	26.0	17	28.3	14	23.7	0.49
HS graduate/GED	42	35.3	23	38.3	19	32.2
> HS	46	38.7	20	33.3	26	44.1
Employment status
Unemployed	77	65.8	39	66.1	38	65.5	0.95
Employed for wages	40	34.2	20	33.9	20	34.5
Weight statusb
Normal	26	22.4	13	22.4	13	22.4	0.67
Overweight	30	25.9	13	22.4	17	29.3
Obese	60	51.7	32	55.2	28	48.3
Program participation (# participating)c
WIC	108	90.8	56	93.3	52	88.1	0.33
SNAP/EBT	104	87.4	53	88.3	51	86.4	0.76
Head Start	46	38.7	26	43.3	20	33.9	0.29
Child
Age (y; mean (SD))	3.7 (0.8)		3.8 (0.1)		3.6 (0.1)		0.09
Gender
Female	65	54.6	29	48.3	36	61.0	0.17
Male	54	45.4	31	51.7	23	39.0
Weight statusd
Normal	81	69.8	38	65.5	43	74.1	0.57
Overweight	22	19.0	13	22.4	9	15.5
Obese	13	11.2	7	12.1	6	10.4

^aBetween group differences in demographic characteristics were evaluated using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables. BMI was not recorded for 3 mothers/children and 2 mothers did not report employment status at baseline

^bOverweight = BMI (kg/m²) 25.0 to < 30.0; Obese = BMI (kg/m²) ≥ 30.0

^cWIC = Women’s Infant and Children Program, SNAP/EBT = Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program/Electronic Benefits Transfer

^dOverweight = BMI-for-age 85th to <95th percentiles; Obese = BMI-for-age ≥ 95th percentile