Table 2.
Clinical characteristics.
| AE-IPF (n = 48) | Stable IPF (n = 122) | Control (n = 70) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Male | 48/48 (100%) | 110/122 (90.2%) | 63/70 (90%) |
| Female | 0/48 | 12/122 (9.8%) | 7/70 (10%) | |
| Age (yr) | 65 ± 9 | 64 ± 8 | 59 ± 7 | |
| Environmental exposurea | 8/48 (16.7%)# | 26/122 (21.3%)# | 6/70 (8.6%) | |
| Surgical lung biopsyb | 0 | 5 | / | |
| Smoking (%) | 70.8# | 68.9# | 28.6 | |
| History of recent cold (%) | 89.6∗,# | 13.1# | 0 | |
| Family history | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| 1-year mortality | 19/48 (39.5%)∗,# | 35/122 (28.7%) | 0 | |
| WBC (×109/L) | 9.01 ± 4.61# | 8.06 ± 2.45# | 6.01 ± 1.46 | |
| Neutrophils (%) | 67.74±12.37∗,# | 59.12 ± 9.55 | 60.17 ± 6.74 | |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 22.62±10.38∗,# | 29.58 ± 8.45# | 32.46 ± 4.95 | |
| Monocytes (%) | 6.45 ± 2.78# | 7.30 ± 1.85# | 5.87 ± 2.38 | |
| pH | 7.43 ± 0.31∗ | 7.42 ± 0.26 | NA | |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 37.92 ± 5.39 | 37.89 ± 5.46 | NA | |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 68.97 ± 16.45∗ | 80.47 ± 15.9 | NA | |
| SaO2 (%) | 91.71 ± 6.98∗ | 94.83 ± 3.12 | NA | |
| FVC (% predicted) | 59.35 ± 10.93∗ | 84.68 ± 22.62 | NA | |
| FEV1 (% predicted) | 65.75 ± 10.78∗ | 84.89 ± 20.01 | NA | |
| FEV1/FVC | 89.14 ± 8.01∗ | 80.65 ± 6.48 | NA | |
| TLC (% predicted) | 66.24 ± 16.14 | 81.97 ± 19.26 | NA | |
| RV/TLC | 43.06 ± 10.14 | 40.41 ± 5.68 | NA | |
| DLco (% predicted) | 59.98 ± 19.50 | 62.88 ± 20.02 | NA | |
| HRCT scores | 20.67 ± 5.98∗ | 12.27 ± 3.84 | NA | |
∗ p < 0.05 vs. stable IPF; #p < 0.05 vs. control. aPatients were engaged in mining, painting, chemical manufacturing, teaching, carpentry, welding, warehouse managing, and farming. b5 subjects were diagnosed with IPF by biopsy. Abbreviations: WBC: white blood cell; PaCO2: carbon dioxide partial pressure; PaO2: oxygen partial pressure; SaO2: oxygen saturation; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: 1 second forced expiratory volume; TLC: total lung capacity; DLco: diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide; HRCT: high-resolution computed tomography; NA: not available.