Table 2.

Total confirmed cases in Southern and Western Asia by country from 1974 to 2017 based on peer-reviewed literature or reports from government organizations

Country	Total confirmed cases	Total deaths	Cases per year (range)	Years cases reported	References
Turkey	10,333	469	150–1,318	2002–2017	7,31
Iran	1,256	177	18–150	1999–2017	28–30
Pakistan	429	94	3–83	1976–2017	32,38,39,54–61
Iraq	377	39	0–55	1979–1980, 1990–2010, 2013, 2015	62,63
Afghanistan	334	88	1–237	1998–2017	21,33,64–67
Georgia	56	7	0–25	2009, 2012–2017	42,68,69
India	47	19	6–18	2011–2015	43,70–75
Oman	34	14	0–33	1995–2014	76–79
United Arab Emirates	24	14	0–11	1979, 1994–1995, 2010	6,80–82
Saudi Arabia	8	0	0–7	1989–1990	83
Kuwait	2	0	0–2	1980, 1982	46
Armenia	1	0	0–1	1974	45

Total deaths are those among confirmed cases only. Therefore, the case fatality rates were not calculated, as cases were more frequently reported confirmed or suspected than deaths. A conservative approach was used by limiting data to peer-reviewed literature, but this approach likely underestimates the true burden of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). For instance, Pakistan reported 1,339 suspected CCHF cases from 2011 to March 2017, but only 429 cases were confirmed.