Table 2.
Bivariate association between covariates and rate of LCI among household contacts younger than five years
| Covariate | Number of LCI | Total person days of follow-up | Rate per 100,000 days | Rate ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal education level | ||||
| No formal education or Koranic only | 161 | 712,363 | 23 | 1.0 (REF) |
| Any primary | 100 | 402,338 | 25 | 1.10 (0.86, 1.41) |
| Any secondary | 15 | 109,717 | 14 | 0.60 (0.36, 1.03) |
| Household size | ||||
| Fewer than 5 | 42 | 183,874 | 23 | 1.0 (REF) |
| 5–9 | 63 | 248,975 | 25 | 1.11 (0.75, 1.64) |
| 10 or more | 171 | 791,569 | 22 | 0.95 (0.67, 1.32) |
| Household crowding | ||||
| Low | 88 | 309,818 | 28 | 1.0 (REF) |
| Medium | 134 | 584,288 | 23 | 0.81 (0.62, 1.06) |
| High | 54 | 330,312 | 16 | 0.58 (0.41, 0.81) |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Lowest 25% | 65 | 226,892 | 29 | 1.0 (REF) |
| Medium 50% | 149 | 611,960 | 24 | 0.85 (0.63, 1.14) |
| Highest 25% | 62 | 385,566 | 16 | 0.56 (0.40, 0.79) |
LCI = laboratory-confirmed influenza.