Table 3. Association of albuminuria (≥30 mg/g) with breast arterial calcification in 3507 women aged 60 to 79 years enrolled in the MINERVA study.
| Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Model | BAC > 0 mg (N = 978) |
BAC ≥ 10 mg (N = 263) |
| uACR only | 1.17 (0.94–1.45) | 1.09 (0.76–1.56) |
| + Sociodemographic characteristics | 1.04 (0.83–1.30) | 0.96 (0.66–1.40) |
| + Reproductive history | 1.03 (0.82–1.29) | 0.93 (0.63–1.36) |
| + Lifestyle factors | 1.03 (0.82–1.29) | 0.92 (0.63–1.36) |
| + Cardiovascular risk factors and disease | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 0.87 (0.59–1.29) |
| + Other medical history | 1.03 (0.82–1.29) | 0.89 (0.60–1.32) |
| + Medications | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 0.89 (0.60–1.32) |
| + Potential mediating variables | 1.02 (0.81–1.28) | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) |
Sociodemographic: age, race, educational attainment, household income, marital status, and whether the patient was born in the US. Lifestyle factors: use of alcohol in the past year, smoking status, and hours of physical activity per week. Reproductive history: age at menarche, age periods stopped, polycystic ovary syndrome, receipt of menopausal hormone therapy, history of breastfeeding, and number of children. Cardiovascular risk factors and diseases: atrial fibrillation or flutter, mitral and/or aortic valvular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, ankle-brachial index. Medical history: prior migraine, gout, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, depression, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, cirrhosis, chronic lung disease, hospitalized bleeds. self-reported health status, and parental history of stroke, heart failure, heart attack. Medications: angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, aldosterone receptor antagonists, alpha blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, nitrates, other vasodilators, non-aspirin antiplatelet agents, statins, other lipid-lowering agents, anti-diabetic agents, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Mediators: systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, and calcium, hs-CRP, HBA1c, hemoglobin, LDL cholesterol, phosphorous, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D levels.